System	Series	Stage	Age (Ma)
Triassic	Lower	Induan	younger
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	251.0–253.8
		Wuchiapingian	253.8–260.4
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	260.4–265.8
		Wordian	265.8–268.0
		Roadian	268.0–270.6
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	270.6–275.6
		Artinskian	275.6–284.4
		Sakmarian	284.4–294.6
		Asselian	294.6–299.0
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	older
Subdivision of the Permian system according to the IUGS, as of July 2009.

In the geologic timescale, the Wordian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the middle of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian epoch or series. The Wordian lasted between 268.0 ± 0.7 and 265.8 ± 0.7 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Roadian and followed by the Capitanian.^[1]

Contents 1 Stratigraphy 1.1 Biostratigraphy 2 References 2.1 Notes 2.2 Literature 2.3 External links

[edit] Stratigraphy

The Wordian stage was introduced into scientific literature by Johan August Udden in 1916 and was named after the Word Formation of the North American Permian Basin. The Capitanian was first used as a stratigraphic subdivision of the Guadalupian in 1961,^[2] when both names were still only used regionally in the southern US. The stage was added to the internationally used ISC timescale in 2001.^[3]

The base of the Wordian stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella aserrata first appear. The global reference profile for this stratigraphic boundary is located at Getaway Ledge in the Guadalupe Mountains of Texas.

The top of the Wordian (the base of the Capitanian stage) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where the conodont species Jinogondolella postserrata first appears.

The Wordian stage was part of the time in which the Zechstein was deposited in Europe.

[edit] Biostratigraphy

The Wordian spans the entire conodont biozone of Jinogondolella aserrata. It contains two fusulinid biozones:

• zone of Afganella tereshkovae
• zone of Neoschwagerina tenuis

[edit] References

[edit] Notes

1. ^ See Gradstein et al. (2004) for a detailed geologic timescale
2. ^ Glenister & Furnish (1961)
3. ^ The current ICS' subdivision of the Guadalupian epoch/series was first proposed by Glenister et al. (1999)

[edit] Literature

• Glenister, B.F. & Furnish, W.M.; 1961: The Permian ammonoids of Australia, Journal of Paleontology 35(4), pp 673-736.
• Glenister, B.F.; Wardlaw, B.R.; Lambert, L.L.; Spinosa, C.; Bowring, S.A.; Erwin, D.H.; Menning, M. & Wilde, G.L.; 1999: Proposal of Guadalupian and Component Roadian, Wordian and Capitanian Stages as International Standards for the Middle Permian Series, Permophiles 34: pp 3-11.
• Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press

[edit] External links

• GeoWhen Database - Wordian
• Upper Paleozoic stratigraphic chart at the website of the subcommission for stratigraphic information of the ICS