William Adams Delano
Personal information
Name	William Adams Delano
Nationality	American
Birth date	January 21, 1874(1874-01-21)
Birth place	New York City
Date of death	January 12, 1960 (aged 85)
Place of death	New York City
Work
Practice	Delano & Aldrich
Buildings	Oheka Kykuit Sterling Divinity Quadrangle, Yale Divinity School

William Adams Delano (January 21, 1874 – January 12, 1960) was a prominent American architect, a partner with Chester Holmes Aldrich in the firm of Delano & Aldrich that worked in the Beaux-Arts tradition for elite clients in New York City and Long Island, building townhouses, country houses, clubs and banks, often in the neo-Georgian and Federal styles, combining brick and limestone, which became their trademark.

William Delano was born in New York City, a member of the prominent Delano family of Massachusetts. He was the nephew of John Crosby Brown, who headed the Brown Brothers & Company banking/trading group, and his father Eugene Delano (1843 – 1920), an 1866 graduate of Williams College, was a partner in the firm. His mother, Sarah Magoun Adams, was the daughter of William Adams, ^[1] a noted clergyman and academic and a founder as well as a president of Union Theological Seminary, and Martha Bradshaw Magoun, the daughter of Thatcher Magoun (Magoun Square, a neighborhood of Somerville, Massachusetts, was named after him) and Mary Bradshaw.

William Delano attended Yale, where he was a member of Scroll and Key, and Columbia's architecture school. He met his longstanding partner Chester Holmes Aldrich at the office of Carrère and Hastings before the turn of the century.

They formed their partnership in 1903 and almost immediately won commissions from the Rockefeller family, among others. Delano & Aldrich tended to adapt conservative Georgian and Federal architectural styles for their townhouses, churches, schools, and a spate of social clubs for the Astors, Vanderbilts, and the Whitneys. They designed a number of buildings at Yale University.^[2]

Delano alone won the commission for the second-largest residence in the United States, Oheka, overlooking Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island, New York for financier Otto Kahn. Built in 1914-19 in French chateau style, with gardens by Olmsted Brothers, Oheka ranges over 109,000 square feet (10,000 m²) and was staffed with 125 people.

Delano's irreverent sense of humor was subtly expressed in some his architectural details and friezes, such as the low-relief frieze of tortoises and hares in the apartment block at 1040 Park Avenue, and backgammon club rooms ornamented like backgammon boards. At the Marine Air Terminal at LaGuardia Airport, built for Pan American Airways' transatlantic seaplane service in 1939 and the oldest such passenger air facility still in use, his Art Deco terra cotta friezes feature flying fish. "There is as much that is new to be said in architecture today by a man of imagination who employs traditional motifs as there is in literature by an author, who, to express his thought, still employs the English language," Delano wrote in 1928.

In 1935 Aldrich left the partnership to become the resident director of the American Academy at Rome, where he died in 1940. Delano continued to practice almost until his own death in 1960, aged 85, in New York City.

He was commissioned to design the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial (1948 – 1956), one of fourteen World War II monuments constructed abroad by the American Battle Monuments Commission. In 1953, the American Institute of Architects awarded William Adams Delano its Gold Medal. The Delano and Aldrich Archive is held by the Drawings and Archives Department in the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University.

Surviving buildings (all in New York City unless noted):

• Kykuit, the principal Classical Revival Mansion in the Rockefeller family estate, Sleepy Hollow, New York, 1913.
• Knickerbocker Club, 62nd and Fifth Avenue, 1915. A discreet Federal townhouse on Fifth Avenue.
• Barbey Building, 15 West 38th Street, 1909.
• Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore, 1910. Their first major public commission.
• (Center for Inter-American Relations), 1911. Neo-Federal townhouse, part of a harmonious row continuing a theme set by McKim, Mead, and White next door, in the first flush of buildings along the covered-over New York Central tracks that made Park Avenue.
• Wright Memorial Hall (now Lanman-Wright Hall), Old Campus, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1912. Brownstone Collegiate Gothic.^[2]
• The Willard Straight House, 5th Avenue, 1914. Later the headquarters of the National Audubon Society and the International Center for Photography. An English brick block in the manner of Sir Christopher Wren at Hampton Court is Americanized with black shutters.
• Belair Mansion, major renovation, in Bowie, Maryland, 1914
• St. Bernard's School, 98th Street, 1915
• Colony Club, 62nd and Park Avenue, 1916
• Greenwich House, 1917. A community center's two added floors stretch the Georgian townhouse manner to the limit.
• The Palmer-Baker house, 93rd and Park (1918; altered with a ballroom wing 1928)
• The Cutting Houses, 12 to 16 East 89th Street, 1919.
• Oheka, Huntington, New York, 1919
• The Harold Pratt House, 68th and Park, 1920, for Harold I. Pratt and now headquarters of the Council on Foreign Relations.
• Sterling Chemistry Lab, Science Hill, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1923.^[2]
• Third Church of Christ, Scientist, Park Avenue at 63rd Street, 1924
• 1040 Park Avenue, at 86th, apartment building, 1924. In low relief along a classical frieze, tortoises alternate with hares. Condé Nast took the penthouse.
• Sage-Bowers Hall, Yale School of Forestry, New Haven, CT, 1924 (Sage), 1931 (Bowers). Two buildings in brownstone Collegiate Gothic style.^[2]
• Willard Straight Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1925. Collegiate Gothic.^[3]
• The Brook, 111 East 54th Street, 1925
• William L. Harkness Hall, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1927. Collegiate Gothic.^[2]
• Chapin School, at 84th and East End Avenue, 1928. Neo-Georgian
• 63 Wall Street, 1929. Vertical bands of windows alternate with ashlar limestone cladding in setbacks to a penthouse with Art Deco gargoyles.
• Alpha Chi Rho, now part of the Yale School of Drama, New Haven, CT, 1930.^[2]
• "Peterloon", Indian Hill, Ohio, for John J. Emery, 1931
• Japanese Embassy, Washington, DC, 1931
• American Embassy, Paris, 1931
• Frank Porter Wood home, Toronto, 1931. Now Crescent School.^[4]
• Sterling Divinity Quadrangle, Yale Divinity School, New Haven, CT, 1932. Georgian colonial group of buildings.^[2]
• Union Club, 69th and Park Avenue, 1933. A smoothly rusticated Italianate limestone palazzo in the manner of London clubs of the nineteenth century, "one of the last great monuments of the American Renaissance".^[5]
• Pan American Airways System Terminal Building, Dinner Key in Miami, Florida, 1933
• Marine Air Terminal at La Guardia Airport, 1940

[edit] Notes

1. ^ He was a son of John Adams (educator), Yale College 1795 (1772 – 1863) who was an American educator noted for organizing several hundred Sunday schools and Elizabeth Ripley, the daughter of Gamaliel Ripley and Judith Perkins and a Great-Great Granddaughter of Governor William Bradford (1590-1657) of the Plymouth Colony and a passenger on the Mayflower
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Yale University Office of Facilities
3. ^ Geng, Julie, "Straight Up: The Construction of Willard Straight Hall," Cornell Daily Sun Sept. 2, 2005 http://cornellsun.com/node/26950 Viewed July 27, 2009
4. ^ Frank P. Wood estate historic plaque
5. ^ Robert A. M. Stern, Gregory Gilmartin and Thomas Mellins, New York 1930, Architecture and Urbanism Between The Two World Wars (1987).

• William Adams Delano Papers, 1947-1954 New-York Historical Society

[edit] References

• Peter Pennoyer and Anne Walker, 2003. The Architecture of Delano & Aldrich (Norton) ISBN 0-393-73087-5 Eighteen projects are examined in detail, and a catalogue of the firm's complete oeuvre. Introduction by Robert A.M. Stern
• Christopher Gray, "The Architecture of Delano & Aldrich; How an Upper-Class Firm Tweaked Classical Norms" in The New York Times, April 27, 2003
• ArtNet: Delano & Aldrich
• Old Long Island - Delano & Aldrich