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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Swedish and Norwegian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Swedish phonology and Norwegian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages. Examples in the table are Swedish unless otherwise noted.

Consonants
IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent
b bok [ˈbuːk] "book" book
ɕ, ç kjol [ˈɕuːl] "skirt" (Swedish)
[ˈçuːl] (Norwegian)
she (Swedish)
huge (Norwegian)
d dop [ˈduːp] "christening" do
ɖ nord [ˈnuːɖ] "north"[1] order
f fot [ˈfuːt] "foot" foot
ɡ god [ˈɡuːd] "good" good
h hot [ˈhuːt] "threat" hoot
ɧ, ʃ sjok [ˈɧuːk] "chunk" (Swedish)[2]
[ˈʃuːk] (Norwegian)
loch etc. (Swedish)
shoe (Norwegian)
j jord [ˈjuːɖ] "earth" you
k kon [ˈkʰuːn] "cone" coo
l lov [ˈluːv] "tack" (sailing)
[ˈloːʋ] (Norwegian)
louver
ɭ Karlstad [ˈkʰɑːɭ.sta] (the town)[1] twirler
m mod [ˈmuːd] "courage" mood
n nod [ˈnuːd] "node" noon
ɳ Vänern [ˈvɛːnəɳ] (the lake)[1] turner
ŋ lång [ˈlɔŋ] "long" long
p pol [ˈpʰuːl] "pole" (of rotation) pool
r, ɾ fira [ˈfiːra] "celebrate" (Swedish)
[ˈfiːɾa] (Norwegian)[3]
A flapped or trilled R.
s sot [ˈsuːt] "soot" soon
ʂ fersk [ˈfæʂːk] "fresh"[1] marshal
ʃ, ɧ sjok [ˈɧuːk] "chunk" (Swedish)[2]
[ˈʃuːk] (Norwegian)
loch etc. (Swedish)
shoe (Norwegian)
t tok [ˈtʰuːk] "fool" too
ʈ karta [ˈkʰɑːʈa] "map"[1] Carter
v, ʋ våt [ˈvoːt] "wet" (Swedish)
[ˈʋoːt] (Norwegian)
vote (Swedish)
between v and w (Norwegian)
ʐ rov [ˈʐuːv] "prey; loot" (Swedish)[3]
[ˈɾoːʋ] (Norwegian)
between Jacques and rue (Swedish)
flapped R (Norwegian)
Vowels
ɑː mat [ˈmɑːt] "food" bra
a matt [ˈmat] "listless" Northern English/Scottish trap
æ fersk [ˈfæʂːk] "fresh"[4] Southern English/Australian/American trap
æː ära [æːra] "honor"[4] Australian mask
hel [ˈheːl] "whole" in Scottish save
ɛ häll [ˈhɛl] "flat rock" hell
ɛː häl [ˈhɛːl] "heel" in English square, there, etc.
sil [ˈsiːl] "sieve" leaf
ɪ sill [ˈsɪl] "herring" sill
mål [ˈmoːl] "goal" in Scottish stove
ɔ moll [ˈmɔl] "minor" (music) moll, with round lips
øː nöt [ˈnøːt] "nut" French or German long ö, with round lips
œ nött [ˈnœt] "worn" French œu or German short ö, with round lips
œː öra [œːra] "ear"[4] like œ but longer
ɵ full [ˈfɵl] "full" dinosaur, in some dialects, with tight lips[5]
bot [ˈbuːt] "penance" boot, with tight lips[5]
ʉː ful [ˈfʉːl] "ugly" fuel, Australian fool, with tight lips[5][6]
ʊ bott [ˈbʊt] "lived" put, with tight lips[5]
syl [ˈsyːl] "awl" French u or German long ü, with round lips
ʏ syll [ˈsʏl] "sleeper" (railroad) German short ü, with round lips
unstressed
ə begå [bəˈɡoː] "commit" bedeck
Stress and tone
IPA Examples
Swedish
ˈâ [ˈan˥˧dɛn˩] "the duck" Tone 1 (Single Tone): falling tone in Stockholm
ˈâ.â [ˈan˧˩dɛn˥˩] "the spirit" Tone 2 (Double Tone): mid–low followed by high–low tone in Stockholm
Norwegian
ˈà Tone 1: low tone in Oslo
ˈâ Tone 2: Falling tone on stressed syllable in Oslo

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e [ɖ ɭ ɳ ʂ ʈ] are pronounced [ʀd ʀl ʀn ʀs ʀt] in Southern Swedish and many Southern and Western Norwegian dialects and [rd rl rn rs rt] in some Finland Swedish and Norwegian dialects.
  2. ^ a b Swedish [ɧ] is a regionally variable sound, sometimes [xʷ], [ɸˠ], or [ʂ]
  3. ^ a b /r/ is regionally variable; in Stockholm, it tends to be pronounced [r] between vowels and after a consonant, [ʐ] or [ɻ] initially and before a consonant. In Oslo it is [ɾ]. In parts of Southern Sweden and Southern and Western Norway it is [ʀ].[citation needed]
  4. ^ a b c Found before /r/
  5. ^ a b c d Vowels spelled u, o are compressed vowels. Those spelled ö/ø, y, å, on the other hand, are protruded vowels.
  6. ^ [ʉː] is a central vowel in Oslo, but a front vowel in Stockholm.

[edit] Bibliography




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