The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Romanian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. See Romanian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Romanian and Romanian alphabet for the correspondence between spelling and pronunciation. | IPA | Examples | English approximation | | Consonants | | b | ban | b in boy | | d | dop | d in day | | d͡ʒ[1] | ger | g in general | | f | foc | f in face | | ɡ | gol | g in good | | h | horn | h in hat | | j[2] | iarnă, fier, creioane, rai | y in yes | | k | cal | c in cold | | l | lună | l in love | | m | mic | m in moon | | n | nor | n in name | | ŋ | lung | n in long
(allophone of [n]) | | p | pas | p in span | | r | repede | Scottish r in curd | | s | sare | s in sun | | ʃ | şarpe | sh in shape | | t | tare | t in stop | | t͡s[1] | ţară | zz in pizza | | t͡ʃ[1] | cer | ch in chest | | v | val | v in voice | | w[2] | băcăuan, dau | w in west, cow | | z | zid | z in zone | | ʒ | jar | s in measure | | Marginal consonants | | ɲ | Saligny | ny in canyon | | IPA | Examples | Description | | Monophthongs | | a | apă | a in father | | e | erou | e in best | | ə | ăsta | a in about | | i | inel | i in machine | | ɨ | înspre, cârnat / cîrnat, coborî | e in roses in some English dialects | | o | oraş | o in horse | | u | uda | oo in soon | | Diphthongs[2] | | e̯a | beată | short [e] followed by full [a] | | e̯o | vreo | short [e] followed by full [o] | | o̯a | foarte | short [o] followed by full [a] | | Marginal vowels | | ø | bleu, loess | eu in French ceux | | y | ecru, fürer | u in French lune | | ɑ̃ | Henri | an in French danse | | Other symbols used in transcription of Romanian pronunciation | | IPA | Explanation | | ˈ | Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example dulău [duˈləw] | | ʲ | Palatalization, a y sound (placed after the palatalized consonant), for example rupi [ˈrupʲ] | | . | Syllable marker, generally used between vowels in hiatus, for example mie [ˈmi.e] | - ^ a b c The affricates are correctly written with tie-bars: [t͡s], [t͡ʃ], [d͡ʒ]. As the tie-bars display incorrectly with some fonts, they are often omitted. However, these affricates contrast with the plosive-fricative sequences [ts], [tʃ] and [dʒ]. Usually the spelling of the Romanian word indicates the pronunciation, with the affricates spelled ţ, c, g, with one letter, and the sequences ts, tş, dj, with two, but this is not always the case, especially in personal names.
- ^ a b c ; The approximants /j/ and /w/ can appear before and after vowels, including the diphthongs /e̯a/ and /o̯a/, in almost any combination.
[edit] See also [edit] References - Chiţoran, Ioana (2001), The Phonology of Romanian: A Constraint-based Approach, Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter, ISBN 3110167662
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