This article is about the demographic features of the population of Canada, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Population of Canada: 31,612,895 (2006 Census).

Population of Canada: 33,739,859 (July 2009) ^[1].

Contents 1 Provinces and territories 2 Cities 3 Age structure 3.1 Median age 4 Population growth rates 5 Vital statistics 6 Ethnicity 6.1 Ethnic origin 6.2 Visible minorities 6.3 Aboriginal status 7 Religions 8 Languages 9 Literacy 10 Education expenditures 11 City populations 12 See also 13 Further reading 14 References

[edit] Provinces and territories

Rank	Name and flag	Abbr	Population	Percentage of national pop.	Land area (km²)	Population density	Seats in House of Commons	People per House Seat
1	Ontario	ON	&0000000013014018.00000013,014,018	38.7%	&Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ",".Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","1,076,395	12.09	106	122,774
2	Quebec	QC	&0000000007799372.0000007,799,372	23.2%	&0000000001365128.0000001,365,128	5.71	75	103,991
3	British Columbia	BC	&0000000004435344.0000004,435,344	13.2%	&0000000000925186.000000925,186	4.79	36	123,204
4	Alberta	AB	&0000000003653840.0000003,653,840	10.9%	&0000000000642317.000000642,317	5.69	28	130,494
5	Manitoba	MB	&0000000001217163.0000001,217,163	3.6%	&0000000000553556.000000553,556	2.20	14	86,940
6	Saskatchewan	SK	&0000000001027092.0000001,027,092	3.1%	&0000000000591670.000000591,670	1.74	14	73,364
7	Nova Scotia	NS	&0000000000939475.000000939,475	2.8%	&0000000000053338.00000053,338	17.61	11	85,406
8	New Brunswick	NB	&0000000000748866.000000748,866	2.2%	&0000000000071450.00000071,450	10.48	10	74,886
9	Newfoundland and Labrador	NL	&0000000000508726.000000508,726	1.8%	&0000000000373872.000000373,872	1.36	7	72,675
10	Prince Edward Island	PE	&0000000000140638.000000140,638	0.4%	&0000000000005660.0000005,660	24.85	4	35,159
11	Northwest Territories	NT	&0000000000042840.00000042,840	0.1%	&0000000001183085.0000001,183,085	0.036	1	42,840
12	Yukon	YT	&0000000000033550.00000033,550	0.1%	&0000000000474391.000000474,391	0.071	1	33,550
13	Nunavut	NU	&0000000000031762.00000031,762	0.1%	&0000000001936113.0000001,936,113	0.016	1	31,762
Total	Canada		&0000000033592686.00000033,592,686	100%	&0000000009093507.0000009,093,507	3.61	308	109,167

Sources: Statistics Canada^[2][3]

[edit] Cities

Largest Cities of Canada
Rank	City	Province	Pop.	Rank	City	Province	Pop.	view • talk • edit Toronto Montreal Calgary
1	Toronto	Ontario	2,503,281	11	Brampton	Ontario	433,806
2	Montreal	Quebec	1,620,693	12	Surrey	British Columbia	394,976
3	Calgary	Alberta	988,193	13	Halifax	Nova Scotia	372,679
4	Ottawa	Ontario	812,129	14	Laval	Quebec	368,709
5	Edmonton	Alberta	730,372	15	London	Ontario	352,395
6	Mississauga	Ontario	668,549	16	Markham	Ontario	261,573
7	Winnipeg	Manitoba	633,451	17	Gatineau	Quebec	242,124
8	Vancouver	British Columbia	578,041	18	Vaughan	Ontario	238,866
9	Hamilton	Ontario	504,559	19	Longueuil	Quebec	229,330
10	Quebec City	Quebec	491,142	20	Windsor	Ontario	216,473
Canada 2006 Census

[edit] Age structure

(2006 Census)

	Males		Females
Age Group	Number	Per cent	Number	Per cent
0-4	864,600	2.7%	825,940	2.6%
5-9	926,855	2.9%	882,520	2.8%
10-14	1,065,860	3.3%	1,014,060	3.2%
15-19	1,095,285	3.5%	1,045,205	3.3%
20-24	1,047,950	3.3%	1,032,435	3.3%
25-29	975,945	3.1%	1,009,635	3.2%
30-34	987,730	3.1%	1,032,515	3.3%
35-39	1,083,495	3.4%	1,124,780	3.6%
40-44	1,285,535	4.1%	1,324,925	4.2%
45-49	1,290,125	4.1%	1,330,470	4.2%
50-54	1,158,970	3.7%	1,198,330	3.8%
55-59	1,026,395	3.2%	1,058,230	3.3%
60-64	780,135	2.5%	809,730	2.6%
65-69	593,810	1.9%	640,770	2.0%
70-74	493,460	1.6%	560,320	1.8%
75-79	386,485	1.2%	493,095	1.6%
80-84	251,420	0.8%	395,285	1.3%
85+	161,930	0.5%	358,680	1.1%
Totals	15,475,970	49.0%	16,136,930	51.0%

[edit] Median age

• total: 39.5 years
  • male: 38.6 years
  • female: 40.4 years (2006)

Median age by province and territory, 2006 Census

1. Nova Scotia: 41.8
2. Newfoundland and Labrador: 41.7
3. New Brunswick: 41.5
4. Quebec: 41.0
5. British Columbia: 40.8
6. Prince Edward Island: 40.8
7. Ontario: 39.0
8. Saskatchewan: 38.7
9. Yukon: 38.4
10. Manitoba: 38.1
11. Alberta: 36.0
12. Northwest Territories: 31.2
13. Nunavut: 23.1

Total: 39.5

Sources: Statistics Canada^[4]

[edit] Population growth rates

Population by province and territory, 2006 and 2001 censuses, 5 year real population growth/decline, percentage population change from 2001 to 2006 and each jurisdiction's percent population of the total population of Canada as of the 2006 Census
(sorted by real population growth (or decline) descending)

Jurisdiction	2006	2001	Growth	% Change	% TOTAL
Ontario	&0000000012160282.00000012,160,282	&0000000011410046.00000011,410,046	&0000000000750236.000000750,236	6.6	38.47
Alberta	&0000000003290350.0000003,290,350	&0000000002974807.0000002,974,807	&0000000000315543.000000315,543	10.6	10.40
Quebec	&0000000007546131.0000007,546,131	&0000000007237479.0000007,237,479	&0000000000308652.000000308,652	4.3	23.87
British Columbia	&0000000004113487.0000004,113,487	&0000000003907738.0000003,907,738	&0000000000205749.000000205,749	5.3	13.01
Manitoba	&0000000001148401.0000001,148,401	&0000000001119583.0000001,119,583	&0000000000028818.00000028,818	2.6	3.63
Nova Scotia	&0000000000913462.000000913,462	&0000000000908007.000000908,007	&0000000000005455.0000005,455	0.6	2.89
Northwest Territories	&Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ",".Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","41,464	&0000000000037360.00000037,360	&0000000000004104.0000004,104	11.0	0.13
Nunavut	&0000000000029474.00000029,474	&0000000000026745.00000026,745	&0000000000002729.0000002,729	10.2	0.09
Yukon	&0000000000030372.00000030,372	&0000000000028674.00000028,674	&0000000000001698.0000001,698	5.9	0.09
Prince Edward Island	&0000000000135851.000000135,851	&0000000000135294.000000135,294	&0000000000000557.000000557	0.4	0.43
New Brunswick	&0000000000729997.000000729,997	&0000000000729498.000000729,498	&0000000000000499.000000499	0.1	2.31
Newfoundland and Labrador	&0000000000505469.000000505,469	&0000000000512930.000000512,930	&-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-8-5-7-2.1000000-7,461	-1.5	1.60
Saskatchewan	&Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ",".Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character ","968,157	&0000000000978933.000000978,933	&-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-2-1-8-8-7.1000000-10,776	-1.1	2.96
TOTAL	&0000000031612897.00000031,612,897	&0000000030007094.00000030,007,094	&0000000001605893.0000001,605,893	5.4	100.00

Derived from: Statistics Canada - (table) Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2006 and 2001 Censuses - 100% Data

Last modified (by source): N/A
Compiled/added to Wikipedia: 2007-07-22

[edit] Vital statistics

Birth rate: 10.28 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate: 7.74 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Net migration rate: 5.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Sex ratio:

• at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
• under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
• 15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
• 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
• total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 5.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

• total population: 81.23 years
• male: 78.69 years
• female: 83.91 years (2009 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.58 children born/woman (2009 est.)^[5]

[edit] Ethnicity

Nationality:

• noun: Canadian(s)
• adjective: Canadian

[edit] Ethnic origin

Canadians were able to self-identify one or more ethnic origins in the 2001 census. It should be noted that percentages may therefore add up to more than 100%. The most common response was 'Canadian'. Since the term 'Canadian' is as much an expression of citizenship as of ethnicity, these figures should not be considered an exact record of the relative prevalence of different ethnocultural ancestries.

Single responses: 22.77% of respondents gave a single response of 'Canadian', while a further 16.65% identified with both 'Canadian', and one or more other ancestries. 4.99% of respondents gave a single response of English, 3.58% gave a single response of French, 3.16% gave a single response of Chinese, 2.45% gave a single response of Italian, 2.38% gave a single response of German, 2.05% gave a single response of Scottish, 1.96% gave a single response of East Indian, 1.68% gave a single response of Irish, 1.54% gave a single response of North American Indian, 1.10% gave a single response of Ukrainian and 1.07% gave a single response of Dutch (Netherlands).

Multiple responses: Counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnic origins were (2006):

Ethnic origin	%
Canadian	32.22%
English	21.03%
French	18.82%
Scottish	15.11%
Irish	13.94%
German	10.18%
Italian	4.63%
Chinese	4.31%
North American Indian	4.01%
Ukrainian	3.87%
Dutch (Netherlands)	3.31%
Polish	3.15%
East Indian	3.08%
Russian	1.60%
Welsh	1.41%
Filipino	1.40%
Norwegian	1.38%
Portuguese	1.32%
Métis	1.31%
Swedish	1.07%
Latin American	1.04%
Hungarian	1.01%
Jewish	1.01%

The same data is also grouped more geographically by Statistics Canada as follows:^[6]

	2006 %	2001 %
North American		40.21%
British Isles		33.64%
French		15.89%
Western European		12.78%
Eastern European		8.50%
Southern European		7.87%

	2006 %	2001 %
East and Southeast Asian		6.03%
Aboriginal		4.45%
South Asian		3.25%
Northern European		3.22%
Caribbean		1.70%
Other European		1.28%

	2006 %	2001 %
Arab		1.17%
African		0.99%
Latin, Central and South American		0.82%
West Asian		0.69%
Oceania		0.16%

Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (29,639,035 in 2001) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses.
All ethnocultural ancestries with more than 56,000 responses are listed in the table above according to the exact terminology used by Statistics Canada.^[7]

[edit] Visible minorities

Year	1996	1996%	2001	2001%	2006	2006%
South Asian	670590	2.35%	917070	3.09%	1233275	4.00%
Chinese	860150	3.02%	1029395	3.47%	1168485	3.70%
Black	573860	2.01%	662215	2.23%	783795	2.50%
Filipino	234195	0.82%	308575	1.04%	389550	1.30%
Latin American	176970	0.62%			304245	1.00%
Arab					265550	0.90%
Southeast Asian	172765	0.61%			231425	0.70%
West Asian					156700	0.50%
Korean	64835	0.23%			138425	0.40%
Japanese	68135	0.24%			60415	0.20%
Multiple visible minorities	61575	0.22%			104215	0.30%
Visible minority, n.i.e.	69745	0.24%			71420	0.20%
Total visible minority population	3197480	11.21%	3983845	13.44%	5068095	16.20%
Non-Visible Minority Population	25330645	88.79%	25655185	86.56%	26172935	83.78%
Total Population	28528125	100.00%	29639030	100.00%	31241030	100.00%

1996 http://www.statcan.gc.ca/c1996-r1996/feb17-17fev/vm-mv-can-eng.htm

2001 http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/Ethnicity/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=0&View=1&Table=1&StartRec=1&Sort=2&B1=Counts

2006 http://www.recensement2006.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=1&Data=Count&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page

[edit] Aboriginal status

The 2006 census counted a total Canadian Aboriginal population of 1,172,790 (3.75%) which includes 698,025 First Nations (2.23%), 389,785 Métis (1.25%), and 50,480 Inuit (0.16%). Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (31,241,030)^[8]

Province/Territory	Number	% provincial[citation needed]	% national[citation needed]	Indian ,(First Nations)	Métis	Inuit	Multiple	Other[citation needed]
01British Columbia	196,075	4.8%	16.7%	129,575	59,445	795	1,655	4,605
02Alberta	188,365	5.8%	16.1%	97,280	85,495	1,605	1,220	2,760
03Saskatchewan	141,890	14.9%	12.1%	91,400	48,115	220	625	1,530
04Manitoba	175,395	15.5%	15.0%	100,645	71,805	565	680	1,695
05Ontario	242,495	2.0%	20.7%	158,400	73,610	2,040	1,910	6,540
06Quebec	108,430	1.5%	9.2%	65,085	27,980	10,950	955	3,450
07New Brunswick	17,655	2.5%	1.5%	12,385	4,270	185	100	710
08Nova Scotia	24,175	2.7%	2.1%	15,240	7,680	320	100	830
09Prince Edward Island	1,730	1.3%	0.1%	1,230	385	30	10	75
10Newfoundland and Labrador	23,450	4.7%	2.0%	7,765	6,470	4,715	290	4,205
11Yukon	7,580	25.1%	0.6%	6,275	800	255	50	190
12Northwest Territories	20,635	50.3%	1.8%	12,640	3,580	4,160	105	145
13Nunavut	24,915	85.0%	2.1%	100	125	24,640	30	20
14Canada	1,172,790	3.8%	100.0%	698,025	389,785	50,480	7,740	26,760
Sources: 2006 Census[9][10][11]

[edit] Religions

See also: Religion in Canada

+ Top Self-Identified Religious Affiliations in Canada
	1991		2001		% change (in numbers)
	Number	%	Number	%
Christian		81		77
- Roman & Old Catholic	12,203,625	45.2	12,936,905	43.6	+4.8
- Christian Orthodox	387,395	1.4	479,620	1.6	+23.8
- Coptic Orthodox	5,020	0.02	10,285	0.03	+104.9
- Romanian Orthodox	4,570	0.02	4,675	0.02	+2.3
- Total Other Christian	9,427,675	34.9	8,654,850	29.2	-8.2
- United Church of Canada	3,093,120	11.3	2,839,125	9.5	-8.2
- Anglican Church of Canada	2,188,110	8.0	2,035,495	6.8	-7.0
- Baptist	663,360	2.4	729,475	2.4	+10.0
- Lutheran	636,205	2.3	606,590	2.0	-4.7
- Presbyterian	636,295	2.3	409,830	1.4	-35.6
- Pentecostal	436,435	1.6	369,475	1.2	-15.3
- Mennonite	207,970	0.8	191,465	0.6	-7.9
- Jehovah's Witnesses	168,375	0.6	154,745	0.5	-8.1
- Methodist	83,910	0.3	106,545	0.4	+27.0
- Mormon	100,770	0.4	104,750	0.3	+3.9
- Salvation Army	112,345	0.4	87,785	0.3	-21.9
- Christian Reformed Church in North America	84,685	0.3	76,665	0.3	-9.5
- Christian and Missionary Alliance	59,365	0.2	66,280	0.2	+11.9
- Adventists	52,365	0.2	62,875	0.2	+20.1
- Christian, not included elsewhere¹	353,040	1.3	780,450	2.6	+121.1
Other
- Muslim	253,265	0.9	579,640	2.0	+128.9
- Jewish	318,185	1.2	329,995	1.1	+3.7
- Buddhist	163,415	0.6	300,345	1.0	+83.8
- Hindu	157,015	0.6	297,200	1.0	+89.3
- Sikh	147,440	0.5	278,410	0.9	+88.8
No religion	3,397,000	12.6	4,900,095	16.5	+44.2
¹ Includes persons who report only “Christian”, only "Protestant", and those in denominations less than 60,000 * For comparability purposes, 1991 data are presented according to 2001 boundaries.

Sources: Statistics Canada^[12][13][14]

Note(s):

• Roman and Old Catholic includes Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholic, Polish National Catholic Church, and Old Catholic
• Other Religions also includes Bahá'í Faith, Eckankar, Jainism, Shinto, Taoism, Zoroastrianism, Aboriginal belief systems, Neo-Paganism, Wicca, Unity - New Thought - Pantheist, Scientology, Rastafari movement, New Age, Gnostic, Satanism, et cetera
• No Religion includes Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism, et cetera

However, a more recent research in the year 2005 indicates that the non-religious group has risen significantly. Phil Zuckerman, an Associate Professor of Sociology at Pitzer College writes of several academic sources who have in recent years placed atheism rates in Canada between 19% and 30%.^[15]

[edit] Languages

Language used most often at work:^[16]

• English: 78.3%
• French: 21.7%
• Non-official languages: 2.0%

Languages by mothertongue:^[16]

• English: 58.2%
• French: 21.7%
• Non-official languages: 19.0%

• Chinese: 3.1%
• Italian: 1.4%
• German 1.2%
• Spanish: 1.2%
• Punjabi: 1.1%
• Tagalog: 0.9%
• Tamil: 0.8%

[edit] Literacy

• definition: age 15 and over can read and write
• total population: 99% (2003 est.)^{[citation needed]}
• male: 99%
• female: 99%

[edit] Education expenditures

• 5.2% of total GDP (2002)

[edit] City populations

• As of 2006, Canada's 13 largest cities (metro areas) have a combined population of 17,885,000
• Canada has 100 cities with 45,000 inhabitants or more for a combined population of 20,687,000
• Canada has 230 cities with 15,000 inhabitants or more

[edit] See also

• Immigration to Canada
• Canada 2006 Census
• Canada 2001 Census
• Aboriginal peoples in Canada
• Religion in Canada
• List of Canadian provinces and territories by population
• Demographics of British Columbia
• Demographics of Ontario
• Places in Canada with notable demographic characteristics
• List of population of Canada by years

[edit] Further reading

Roderic Beaujot and Don Kerr, The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population, Canadian Scholars' Press, 2007, ISBN 978-1-55130-322-2.

[edit] References

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