War artist Information & War artist Links at HealthHaven.com

Vasily Vereshchagin. The Apotheosis of War. 1874.

Official war artists are normally appointed by governments for information or propaganda purposes to record events on the battlefield. However, there are many other types of war artist. These can include combatants who are artists and choose to record their experiences, and prisoners of war who may voluntarily record the conditions or be appointed war artist by senior officers. Ronald Searle is a famous example of a war artist who was not officially appointed. In the 19th century, the majority of war artists worked as 'specials' for the pictorial newspapers. Many artists of war never ventured beyond the safe confines of their studios to create their pictures. This was particularly the case with 19th century academic painters.

[edit] Famous War Artists

[edit] Australian

The Australian tradition of war artists started with the First World War. Will Dyson, an expatriate Australian artist living in London petitioned the Australian government to allow him to travel to the Western Front where Australian forces were fighting. In 1917 he was finally granted permission to accompany the Australian Imperial Force to record the activities of its soldiers and thus became the first Australian official war artist. This scheme was expanded upon and other Australian artists were commissioned to undertake forays to the front lines to record the Australian experience of war.

Amiens, the key of the west, oil-on-canvas, completed in 1919.

At the same time, artists who had already enlisted and were fighting with the AIF, were appointed official war artists for the Australian Army.

During the Second World War, the Australian War Museum, later called the Australian War Memorial, continued the scheme and appointed war artists whilst the Australian Army, Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force appointed their own official war artists from within their ranks.

Since the Second World War, the Australian War Memorial have appointed war artists to record the activities of Australian forces in Korea, Vietnam, East Timor and Afghanistan and both the Australian War Memorial and the Australian Army have appointed official war artists to depict Australian forces in Iraq.

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

^[1]

[edit] Recent conflicts

Rick Amor (East Timor Peacekeeping)
Conway Bown (Army War Artist Iraq War 2006)
Peter Churcher (2002 War on Terrorism)
George Gittoes
Lewis Miller (Iraq War 2003)
Wendy Sharpe (East Timor Peacekeeping)

[edit] British

[edit] Napoleonic Wars

[edit] Crimean War

[edit] Post Crimea

[edit] Boer War

[edit] First World War

David Bomberg
Muirhead Bone
Sir Frank Brangwyn
Sir George Clausen
Olive Edis
Archibald Standish Hartrick (1864-1950)
Francis Ernest Jackson (1872-1945)
Augustus John
Eric Kennington (also a war artist in World War II)
Wyndham Lewis
Fortunino Matania (Italian artist working in Britain)
Paul Nash (also a war artist in World War II)
Christopher Nevinson
Sir William Orpen
William Rothenstein (also a war artist in World War II)
Austin Spare
Charles Pears (1873-1958)
Gerald Spencer Pryse

[edit] Second World War

^[2]

Edward Ardizzone
Edward Bawden
Stephen Bone
Graham Barry Clilverd
William Coldstream
Evelyn Mary Dunbar
Richard Ernst Eurich (1903–92)
Barnett Freedman
Charles Ginner
Anthony Imre Alexander Gross (1905-1984)
Eric Kennington (also a war artist in World War I)
Dame Laura Knight
L.S. Lowry
James Morris (b 1908)(A Signalman RN, who exhibited from 1944-46, eventually achieving the War Artist rank, Hon Lieut, RNVR. The Imperial War Museum has 34 pictures by him, mostly watercolours of the Far East)
Henry Moore
Rodrigo Moynihan (1910-1990)
Paul Nash (also a war artist in World War I)
Mervyn Peake
John Piper
Roland Vivian Pitchforth (1895-1982)
Eric Ravilious
William Rothenstein (also a war artist in World War I)
Stanley Spencer
Graham Sutherland
Doris Clare Zinkeisen (1898-1991)
Anna Katrina Zinkeisen (1901-1976)

[edit] Second World War POW artists (Far East)

[edit] Bosnia campaign

Peter Howson (1958-)

[edit] Canadian

[edit] First World War

[edit] Afghanistan (Task Force 3-09)

smsteele first official war poet

[edit] War on Terror- Persian Gulf (Operation Apollo)

John Malcolm Horton (1935-)

[edit] France

[edit] Germany

[edit] Franco-Prussian War

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

[edit] Japan

[edit] New Zealand

James Boswell
Peter McIntyre (1910-1995)

[edit] Russia

[edit] South Africa

Neville Lewis (World War II)

[edit] Spain

Francisco Goya. The Third of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid. 1814. Oil on canvas. 266 x 345 cm. Madrid: Museo del Prado.

Francisco de Goya. Los desastres de la guerra

[edit] United States

[edit] Civil War

John Singer Sargent, Gassed, 1918, 231 x 611.1 cm, Imperial War Museum, London

[edit] Spanish-American War

Howard Chandler Christy Newspaper
William Glackens Newspaper
Charles Johnson Post Soldier-artist
Henry Reuterdahl Newspaper
Walter Russell Newspaper
Walter Granville-Smith Newspaper

[edit] World War I

[edit] World War II

^[4]

^[5]

[edit] Modern

[edit] See also

War photography

[edit] Notes

^ Wilkins, Lola. "Interpreting the war: Australia's Second World War art." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.
^ Tolson, Roger. "A Common Cause: Britain's War Artists Scheme." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.
^ Brandon, Laura. "'Doing Justice to History:' Canada's Second World War )fficial Art Program." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.
^ Harrington, Peter, "The 1943 War Art Program," Army History, No. 55, Spring-Summer 2002, pp. 4-19.
^ U.S. Naval Historical Center http://www.history.navy.mil/ac/wwii/history/history1.htm online exhibition, 1 June, 2001

[edit] References

Brandon, Laura (2008). Art and War. New York: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1845112369
Canadian War Museum online exhibition: "Art and War - Australia, Britain and Canada in the Second World War," 2005.
Carter, Albert Charles Robinson (1900). The work of war artists in South Africa. London: "The Art Journal".
Cork, Richard (1994). A bitter truth: avant-garde art and the Great War. New Haven: Yale University Press in association with Barbican Art Gallery.
Cornebise, Alfred (1991). Art from the trenches: America's uniformed artists in World War I. College Station: Texas A & M University Press.
Foot, M. R. D. (Michael Richard Daniel) (1990). Art and war: twentieth century warfare as depicted by war artists. London: Headline. ISBN 0747202869
Gallatin, Albert Eugene (1919). Art and the Great War. New York: E.P. Dutton.
Gilkey, Gordon (1982). War art of the Third Reich. Bennington, Vt: International Graphics Corporation. ISBN 0865560188
Harries, Meirion and Suzie Harries (1983). The War Artists: British official war art of the Twentieth Century. London: Michael Joseph in association with the Imperial War Museum and the Tate Gallery. ISBN 071812314X
Harrington, Peter (1993). British Artists and War: The Face of Battle in Paintings and Prints, 1700-1914. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1853671576
Harrington, Peter, and Frederic A. Sharf (1998). "A Splendid Little War". The Spanish-American War, 1898: The Artists' Perspective. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1853673161
Hichberger, J.W.M. (1988). Images of the Army: The Military in British Art 1815-1914. Manchester: University Press.
Hodgson, Pat (1977). The War Illustrators. London: Osprey.
Johnson, Peter (1978). Front-Line Artists. London: Cassell.
Jones, James (1975). WW II. New York: Grosset & Dunlap.
Lanker, Brian, and Nicole Newnham (2000). They drew fire: combat artists of World War II. New York: TV Books.
Oliver, Dean Frederick, and Laura Brandon (2000). Canvas of war: painting the Canadian experience, 1914 to 1945. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 1550547720
Sillars, Stuart (1987). Art and Survival in First World War Britain. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Tippett, Maria, 1944. Art at the service of war: Canada, art, and the great war. Toronto; Buffalo: University of Toronto Press.
Weber, John Paul (1979). The German war artists. Columbia, S.C.: Cerberus Book Co.

[edit] External links

Canadian artists: Library and Archives Canada
Australian official war artists
British Ministry of Defence art collection - war artists
American war artists
Kandahar Journal Contemporary war artist Richard Johnson in Kandahar, Afghanistan
The Art of War at The National Archives

[0] Wilkins, Lola. "Interpreting the war: Australia's Second World War art." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.

[1] Tolson, Roger. "A Common Cause: Britain's War Artists Scheme." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.

[2] Brandon, Laura. "'Doing Justice to History:' Canada's Second World War )fficial Art Program." Canadian War Museum online exhibition, 2005.

[3] Harrington, Peter, "The 1943 War Art Program," Army History, No. 55, Spring-Summer 2002, pp. 4-19.

[4] U.S. Naval Historical Center http://www.history.navy.mil/ac/wwii/history/history1.htm online exhibition, 1 June, 2001

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Contents

[edit] Famous War Artists

[edit] Australian

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

[edit] Recent conflicts

[edit] British

[edit] Napoleonic Wars

[edit] Crimean War

[edit] Post Crimea

[edit] Boer War

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

[edit] Second World War POW artists (Far East)

[edit] Bosnia campaign

[edit] Canadian

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

[edit] Korean War (unofficial)

[edit] Gulf War

[edit] Balkan Conflict

[edit] Afghanistan (Operation Apollo)

[edit] Afghanistan (Task Force 3-09)

[edit] War on Terror- Persian Gulf (Operation Apollo)

[edit] France

[edit] Germany

[edit] Franco-Prussian War

[edit] First World War

[edit] Second World War

[edit] Japan

[edit] New Zealand

[edit] Russia

[edit] South Africa

[edit] Spain

[edit] United States

[edit] Civil War

[edit] Spanish-American War

[edit] World War I

[edit] World War II

[edit] Modern

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

[edit] References

[edit] External links