Vilnia River
Vilnia River in Vilnius
Origin	5 km south of Šumskas
Mouth	Neris River
Basin countries	Lithuania, Belarus
Length	82 km

Vilnia (also Vilnelė; Belarusian: Вільня/Vilnia, IPA: [ˈvʲilʲnʲa]; Polish: Wilejka, Wilenka) is a river in Lithuania. Its source is near the village Vindžiūnai, 5 km south of Šumskas, at the Lithuanian-Belarusian border. Vilnia is 82 km long and its basin covers 624 sq. km. It flows into the Neris River in Vilnius.

The name of the river derives from the Lithuanian language word vilnis ("a surge") or vilnyti ("to surge"). The city's name Vilnius probably has derived from its name.

Vilnelė, the diminutive form of the original hydronym Vilnia, came into popular use in Lithuanian and largely replaced the latter because of the influence of the Polish name Wilenka.

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