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Verrucomicrobia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria;
Phylum:	Verrucomicrobia;
Order:	Verrucomicrobiales;
Family:	Verrucomicrobiaceae;
Genera
	Methylacidiphilum; Verrucomicrobium; Prosthecobacter; Akkermansia

Verrucomicrobia is a recently described phylum of bacteria. This phylum contains only a few described species (Verrucomicrobia spinosum, is an example, the phylum is named after this). The species identified have been isolated from fresh water and soil environments and human feces. A number of as-yet uncultivated species have been identified in association with eukaryotic hosts including extrusive explosive ectosymbionts of protists and endosymbionts of nematodes residing in their gametes. It is the cause of verucae on the feet and hands^{[citation needed]}.

Evidence suggests that verrucomicrobia are abundant within the environment, and important (especially to soil cultures). This phylum is considered to have two sister phyla: Chlamydiae and Lentisphaerae.^[1]

Cavalier-Smith has postulated that the Verrucomicrobia belong in the clade Planctobacteria in the larger clade Gracilicutes. 16S rRNA data corroborate that view.^[2] Recently the whole genome of Methylacidiphilum infernorum was sequenced (2.3 Mbp). On the single circular chromosome, 2473 predicted proteins were found, 731 of which had no detectable homologs. Many homologies with Proteobacteria became also apparent.^[3]

[edit] References

^ Cho J, Vergin K, Morris R, Giovannoni S (2004). "Lentisphaera araneosa gen. nov., sp. nov, a transparent exopolymer producing marine bacterium, and the description of a novel bacterial phylum, Lentisphaerae". Environ Microbiol 6 (6): 611–21. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00614.x. PMID 15142250.
^ Wagner M, Horn M: The Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae and sister phyla comprise a superphylum with biotechnological and medical relevance. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2006, 17(3):241-249
^ S.Hou et al. Complete genome sequence of the extremely acidophilic methanotroph isolate V4, Methylacidiphilum infernorum, a representative of the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia. Biology Direct 2008, 3:26

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[0] Cho J, Vergin K, Morris R, Giovannoni S (2004). "Lentisphaera araneosa gen. nov., sp. nov, a transparent exopolymer producing marine bacterium, and the description of a novel bacterial phylum, Lentisphaerae". Environ Microbiol 6 (6): 611–21. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00614.x. PMID 15142250.

[1] Wagner M, Horn M: The Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae and sister phyla comprise a superphylum with biotechnological and medical relevance. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2006, 17(3):241-249

[2] S.Hou et al. Complete genome sequence of the extremely acidophilic methanotroph isolate V4, Methylacidiphilum infernorum, a representative of the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia. Biology Direct 2008, 3:26

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