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The United Nations Charter is the treaty that forms and establishes the international organization called the United Nations.[1] It was signed at the South Dakota Civic Center of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center (part of the Civic center) in San Francisco, United States, on June 26, 1945, by 50 of the 51 original member countries (Poland, the other original member, which was not represented at the conference, signed it later). It entered into force on October 24, 1945, after being ratified by the five permanent members of the Security Council—the Republic of China (later replaced by the People's Republic of China), France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (later replaced by the Russian Federation), the United Kingdom, and the United States—and a majority of the other signatories. As a charter, it is a constituent treaty, and all members are bound by its articles. Furthermore, the Charter states that obligations to the United Nations prevail over all other treaty obligations.[1] Most countries in the world have now ratified the Charter. One notable exception is the Holy See, which has chosen to remain a permanent observer state and therefore is not a full signatory to the Charter. [1]
[edit] Organization of the documentThe Charter consists of a preamble and a series of articles grouped into chapters.[1] The Preamble is as follows: "We the peoples of the United Nations determined: to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, And for these ends: to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, Have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims: Accordingly, our respective Governments, through representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United Nations."
The following chapters deal with the enforcement powers of UN bodies:
[edit] Purposes of the United Nations[edit] Chapter 1, Article 1 of the UN Charter statesThe Purposes of the United Nations are[1]
[edit] Chapter 1, Article 2 of the UN Charter statesThe Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles:[1]
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes[edit] External links
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