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This article is about the athletics event. For the jump with three revolutions in figure ice-skating and roller-skating, see Figure skating jump.  The triple jump (sometimes referred to as the hop, step and jump or the hop, skip and jump) is a track and field sport, similar to the long jump, but involving a “hop, step and jump” routine, whereby the competitor runs down the track and performs a hop, a step and then a jump into the sand pit. The triple jump has its origins in the Ancient Olympics and has been a modern Olympics event since the Games’ inception in 1896. The current male and female world record holders are Jonathan Edwards of Great Britain, with a jump of 18.29 metres (60.0 ft), and Inessa Kravets of Ukraine, with a jump of 15.5 metres (51 ft).
[edit] HistoryThe triple jump, or at least a variant involving three jumps one after the other, has its roots in the Ancient Greek Olympics, with records showing athletes attaining distances of more than 50 feet (15.24 m).[1] In Irish mythology the geal-ruith (triple jump), was an event contested in the ancient Irish Tailteann Games as early as 1829 B.C.[2] The triple jump was a part of the inaugural 1896 Olympics in Athens, although back then it consisted of two hops on the same foot and then a jump. In fact, the first modern Olympic champion, James Connolly, was a triple jumper. Early Olympics also included the standing triple jump, although this has since been removed from the Olympic program and is rarely performed in competition today. The women’s triple jump was introduced into the Atlanta Olympics in 1996. [edit] TechniqueThe athlete sprints down a runway until they reach a takeoff mark, from which the jump is measured. The takeoff mark is a board which is commonly implemented as a physical piece of wood or similar material embedded in the runway, or a rectangle painted on the runway surface. In modern championships a strip of plasticine, tape, or modeling clay is attached to the board to record athletes overstepping or "scratching" the mark, defined by the trailing edge of the board. There are three phases of the triple jump, articulated in the original event name: the "hop" phase, the "step" phase, and the "jump" phase. These three phases are executed in one continuous sequence. The hop starts with the athlete jumping from the mark on his/her takeoff leg, and ends landing on the runway with the takeoff leg. The hop appears to be more of a "cycling" movement. The objective is to hop out as opposed to up. In the step, the athlete immediately jumps with the takeoff leg and lands on the runway with the opposite leg. The objective of the step is to cover as much runway as possible so one is as close to the pit as possible for the next phase. The step is followed by the jump, where the athlete jumps from that same non-takeoff leg and lands in a sand-filled pit. The jump phase is very similar to the long jump.Long jump is a different field event. In the long jump process, an athlete must hit the mark with his/her take off leg bringing the opposite leg bent and straight up;both legs must come in front of the athlete when landing inside the sand-filled pit. However, in both events if the athlete's takeoff foot lands in front of the board then,the athlete fouls. A "foul", also known as a "scratch" or missed jump, occurs when a jumper oversteps the takeoff mark, misses the pit entirely, does not use the correct foot sequences throughout the phases, or does not perform the attempt in the allotted amount of time (usually about one minute). When a jumper "scratches," the seated official will raise a red flag and the jumper who was "on deck," or up next, prepares to jump. To record a "scratch," a video camera is commonly used to avoid confusion and unfair calls. Triple jump is also involved in school track-and-fields. [edit] Best year performance[edit] Men's season's best[edit] Women's seasons best[edit] Top ten performersAccurate as of October 20, 2008. [edit] MenNB: These are the top 10 performers of all time, not the top 10 performances. Other legal jumps by people on this list that would exceed the shortest jump on this list are noted below the table.
[edit] WomenNB: Again, these are the top 10 performers of all time, not the top 10 performances.
[edit] World record progression[edit] Men's world record progression[edit] Women's world record progression[edit] Other famous triple jumpers
[edit] See also[edit] References
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