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The Tanwar Rajputs (Hindi - तँवर , तोमर, तूर) (also spelt Tomar) are a Rajput clan of the Chandravanshi kshatriya lineage. Descendants of Puru, Kuru, Dushyant, Arjuna, Kshemaka, Tomar lineage.
[edit] HistoryAccording to legend, Tomar/Tomer/Tanwar/Tuar Rajputs are the descendants of the Pandava Prince Arjun, through his great grandson Emperor Janamejaya, son of Emperor Parikshit. King Yudhishtra, who founded the Capital of Indraprasta in the kingdom of Hastinapur, later abdicated in favour of Parikshit, the grandson of his brother Arjun. Hastinapur was later said to be flooded and the Pandava kingdom was later asserted elsewhere. The modern city of Delhi is believed to be on the site of Indraprasta[1]. Delhi was established in 736CE by the Tomar/Tuar king Anangpal Tomar-I who re-established the Pandava ancestral capital.
The Tomar Rajput dynasty of Delhi lasted until Maharaja Anangpal Tomar-II, who to quote Lt. Col. Tod, in his Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan was "justly entitled to be termed the paramount sovereign of Hindustan". Tomar Rajput ruler Anangpal Tomar II appointed his grandson (daughter's son, and son of King of Ajmer), Prithviraj Chauhan, as the heir apparent. Some historians believe that Prithvaraj was merely a caretaker king as long as his grandfather was alive. Prithviraj was never crowned in Delhi, hence adding weight to the view that the Chauhan ruler usurped the thrown from his maternal grandfather. According to records kept by Jagas of Tomar/ Tanwar Rajputs, King Anangpal made Prithviraj only as caretaker when he went on a religious pilgrimage, as his own sons were very small at that time. When King Anangpal returned back, Prithviraj refused to hand over the kingdom. (note:- should be mentioned that Jagas are hereditary tribal record keepers of Rajputs) Following their loss of control at Delhi after the defeat at Tarain of the Indian Confederacy against Shahbuddin Ghori, a branch of the Tomar clan established itself in the area of modern Gwalior in northern Madhya Pradesh. Later - Man Singh Tomar built the fortress citadel which still stands there. The Mughal emperor Akbar captured Gwalior in 1559. Some Tomar Rajputs converted to Islam during the Muslim-Mughal rule; Tomar Muslim Rajputs are found in western Rajasthan, Pakistan and Sind. Tomars moved from Delhi to Haryana (Bhiwani, Mahendergarh and Karnal Districts), Madya Pradesh (Gwalior, and Morena and Bhind Districts), Punjab, and Rajasthan (Patan State and surrounding areas). They are spread from Punjab, to Western Uttar Pradesh (Meerut, Badaun, Bareilly, Baraut, Muzaffarnagar Ghaziabad, Aligarh, Bulandshahr), Bewar (Mainpuri) significant parts of Himachal Pradesh, to western Rajastan to Northern Madhya Pradesh and even some in Pakistan. [edit] VikramadityaThe great Vikramaditya of the year 56BC is claimed to be a Tuar Rajput.[3][4][5][6]
In the Hindu tradition in India and Nepal, the widely used ancient calendar is Vikrama Samvat or Vikrama's era. This is said to have been started by the legendary king following his victory over the Sakas in 56 BC. [edit] Facts about Tomar Rajputs
[edit] Tomar Vanshavali (From Som to Anagpal Tomar, last Tomar King of Delhi)[edit] VanshavaliSome Kings mentioned in the list were Adopted from within the Family e.g. Yudhishter Adapted his Brothers Grandson Parikshit as the Heir Apparent. The Jagas of Tomars have the detailed descriptions of when such adaptations occurred.[8] [edit] Shakhas or Sub Clans[edit] Pathania RajputsPathania is the name of a branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajputs. It is one of the ruling Rajput Clans of India. Their Kingdom was at Nurpur, founded in the 12th Century, situated in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The kingdom included Pathankot and a large tract on the plains of the Punjab; also the whole of the present Nurpur Tahsil of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, with the addition of Shahpurkandi, now in Gurdaspur, and also a small tract to the west of the Ravi, called Lakhanpur, now in Jammu & Kashmir State. Rana Jethpal (12th Century A.D.), the younger brother of Anangpal Tomar, came to Jallandhar Doab also called Bist Doab to carve out a territory for himself. After crossing the Beas river he captured a fort called Bhet, and for this reason it is said, he acquired the name Rana Bhet. After that he became master of the Fort and the town of Paithan, now known as Pathankot, and from then onwards, he came to be known as a Pathania Rajput instead of a Tanwar Rajput. Pathania Rajputs live in and around Himachal Pradesh, in North India. The Pathania clan ruled the Kingdom of Nurpur, till 1849 A.D. They were famous for their resistance against foreign rule, which they proved by giving battle to invaders till 1849 A.D., after which the Kingdom was annexed by the British, the Raja being a minor. This clan has to its credit three Maha Vir Chakra winners in the Indian Army. This clan has also won many other gallantry awards while serving in the British army of India. [edit] Jatu RajputsDescendents Th. Jatu singh and now inhabit surrounding villages of Bhiwani(Haryana).It is believed that there were 1440 villages of Tanwars near Bhiwani. However, now there are not that many villages left but there is a significant number of villages. Villages Bawani Khera, Bapora, Luhari Jatu and Tigrana, Ratera (Ratangarh in past) Chhapar ,Devsar, Haluwas, Paluwas,are a few bigger villages in District Bhiwani. [edit] Janghára RajputsKnown as a large and turbulent branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajput clan[9], the Janghara Rajputs were readily recruited by the British Indian Army. The turbulent nature of the tribe is further enhanced by the origin of the name Janghara being derived from the words, Jang (war) and Ahára (hunger) meaning "the men who hunger for war".[10] After the fall of Delhi to the Chauhans, the Janghara sept parted from the main Tomar branch in disgust. They entered Rohilkhund under the leadership of the prince Dhápu Dhám whose warlike nature was proverbial. A couplet sung by women of the clan states "Neeche Darti upar Ram, beech mein lade Dhapu Dham", meaning "Below is Earth, above is Rám. Between the two, fights Dhápu Dhám"[11] The Janghara Rajputs of Bareilly claim to have ejected the Gwálas in 1388CE. in 1405CE they expelled the Ahirs from their Kingdoms. The Katehriya Rajputs were also defeated and exiled from Rohillkhund by the Janghara Rai's .[11]
[edit] Janjua RájputsIt is interesting to note that the Janjua Rajputs also ruled in Mathura Uttar Pradesh during the 12th century AD near the Tuar settlements, before being exiled to Punjab where they flourished a warlike repute. They also claim Arjun Pandav descent and also allege to be descendants of the founder of Delhi.[12] The name Janjua also appears to be similar to Janghara, displaying that the derivation Janjua may also have been from the word Jang (war). The name Jangju has been used for the tribe too.[13]
The British held a high regard for the Janjua Rajputs;
[edit] Jarral RajputsOriginally a branch of Tomar/Tuar Rajputs. They gained prominence after their conversion to Islam in the 12 Century. They are descendants of Pandavas and ruled a certain territory of Northern India from a place later came to be known as Kalanaur. They fought against Muhammad Ghor in both the battles of 1191 and 1192 joining Prithviraja Chauhan of Ajmer. They were ferocious and battle hardy Rajputs. Even after conversion they were fond of battles and seized Rajauri from the Pal rulers in 1193 AD. Jarrals enjoyed fighting the Afghans, the Sikhs, the Dogras and the British and never rested but expanded their state in great length and width of the Punjab Hills. They were ousted from Rajauri State by the combined forces of Sikhs, Dogras and British in 1846. Later, knowing their feats of bravery and courage, the British befriended with them that helped them great in the latter years. It is one of the highest castes of Tomar but due to conversion to Islam were excommunicated by the clan and were not mentioned by the Sagas who note, maintain and narrate rajput family trees. They reside in India, Jammu, Kashmir, Punjab and other parts now in Pakistan. The descendents of Jarral Rulers reside in Musaman Burj, Wazirabad in Pakistan. [edit] OTHERSSub Branches - Beruar, Birwar, Badwar, Katiyar, Katouch, Jinwar, Indoria Kshatriya and Tirota Kshatriya. Indoria Kshatriya has branches - Raikwar, Jaiwar. [edit] BeruariBeruari/Beruar/Birwar is one of the most dominating caste of eastern UP. According to local sources, area of present days Balia and Mirzapur district was once governed by Sudra of Berua caste. One of the tomer prince defeated them and eastablished the rule of dharma. He and his decedents later called as Berua+ari (Beruari) i.e. enemy of beruas. There are many villages of this clan in Mithilanchal (Bihar) also. Hati is one of the prominent village of this clan. They are being treated as Amnekh (Superior) rajput clan in Bihar. [edit] Major Tomar Kingdoms[edit] Delhi
Pasanaha Chariu of Vibudh Shridhar (VS 1189-1230) an Apabhramsha writer, provides the first reference to the legend of the origin of the name Dhilli for Delhi[16]. हरियाणए देसे असंखगाम, गामियण जणि अणवरथ काम| Translation: There are countless villages in Haryana country. The villagers there work hard. They don't accept domination of others, and are experts in making the blood of their enemies flow. Indra himself praises this country. The capital of this country is Dhilli. जहिं असिवर तोडिय रिउ कवालु, णरणाहु पसिद्धउ अणंगवालु || Translation: The ruler Anangapal is famous, he can slay his enemies with his sword. The weight (of the Iron pillar) caused the Nagaraj to shake. A VS 1383 inscription in Delhi Museum confirms the founding of Delhi by the Tomars: देशोऽस्ति हरियानाख्यो पॄथिव्यां स्वर्गसन्निभः | Prithviraj Raso also confirms the founding by the Tomars and the legend of the loose nail (i.e. the Iron pillar ): हुं गड्डि गयौ किल्ली सज्जीव हल्लाय करी ढिल्ली सईव |
[edit] Gwalior Gwalior Fort built by the Tuar Rajputs of Gwalior
In 1517 AD the Fort was taken by Ibrahim Lodhi and subsequently by Babar. Tomars Of Gwalior
[edit] Torawati - Patan, Rajasthan Lord Krishna Chandravanshi. Established by King Anangpal II while he was ruler at Delhi, Patan is a city in Rajasthan ruled by the Tomars since 12th Century AD. Patan was capital of Tanwarawati or Torawati state. It is one of the oldest remaining states still ruled by the Tanwar's who are direct descendants of Anang Pal Tomar. Chronology of Tomar Rulers at Patan:
[edit] NurpurFounded in the 11th century (1095?), by #Raja Jhet Pal, younger brother of the Ruler of Delhi. Originally known as Dhameri. Rulers were:
[edit] DholpurDholpur was founded in circa 700AD, Raja Dholan Deo Tonwar founded Dholpur in 1004, his dynasty ruling till 1505, when it was merged with GOHAD state existing as such till 1806 when Rana Khirat Singh of Gohad (1803/1805), became the first ruler of Dholpur.[20][21][22] In 1873 Maj. HH Rais ud-Daulah Sipahdar ul-Mulk Maharajadhiraj Sri Sawai Maharaj Rana NIHAL SINGH Lokindra Bahadur Diler Jung Jai Deo of Dholpur Invited Thakur Saheb Karan Singh Ji of Musepur in 1876, from the family of the Thakur of Hussait, who were descendants of Raja Dholan Deo Tomar, and created him the Raja of Kaysathpada Thikana. He was succeded by his son Raja Pratap Arjun Singh Tomar who was also a member of the His Majesty's Guards. Kayasthpada family is now headed by Raja Saheb Ravendra Singh Ji Saheb Tomar who is also a well known conservationist and nature photographer with being the pioneer of the Tourism industry in Kotah. [edit] BikanerLakhasar, Sawantsar and Janjheu villages have some tanwar population. [edit] Diaspora[edit] Diaspora in Uttar PradeshThere are many Tomar Rajputs villages in Uttar Pradesh, over four hundred of them in Western Uttar Pradesh. These villages are mainly spread across the Meerut, Ghaziabad, Badaun, Bareilly, Hardoi, Muzaffar Nagar, Bulandshahr and Aligarh districts. The distribution of some of these villages is as follows:
Tomar/Tanwar Rajputs are also found in the, Bhiwani, Karnal, and Mahendergarh districts of Haryana; the Morena district in Madhya Pradesh, near Gwalior; and the Patan state near Jaipur. Some of the Tomars from Morena district of MP have relocated to Dholpur District of Rajasthan. The major Villages of Tomars in Dholpur are - Sunderpur, Diwan Ka Pura, Gunpur, Chilpura and Kayasthpada. [edit] Diaspora in HaryanaThere are several Tanwar Rajput villages in Bhiwani District of Haryana, namely Luhari Jatu, Bapaura, Dinod, Ratera, Devsar, Tigrana, Haluwas, Paluwas, Kairu, Jeetwan Baas, Bajina, Dhani Mahu, Baliyali (Rampura), Kuhar, Talwandi Raanghdan etc., and a significant proportion of Bhiwani City comprises Jatu Tanwar (a sub clan of Tanwars). Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput villages in Mahendergarh District of Haryana, one of the largest being Dhanoda, followed by Kheri-Talwana, Bassai, Bhandor Unchi, Chitlang, Pali, Nombi, Bojawas, Pathera, Khudana, and many more. One tomar village named Gorar in district sonepat right between the dahiya and hooda dominated areas. The people of this village are supposed to be migrated from Johri village under Baghpat district of Uttar Pradesh. There are 16 Tanwer Rajput Villages in Kurukhetra Dist in Haryana Pharal (Now in Distt. Kaithal), Tangore, Lukhi, Jadena, Kalsana. There are 1 Tanwar rajput Village in Palwal Dist in Haryana 'KARNA'. Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput village in Yamuna Nagar District of Haryana, namely Maheshwari. There is one Mangaria Tanwar village named "Pachaanka" in Mewat District of Haryana. It is named after five brothers who founded it after they were displaced by army of Akbar - the Mughal Emperor from Mangar village on Faridabad - Delhi border. [edit] Diaspora in RajsthanThere are 84 villages between Kothputli and Shahpura. There are several villages near Pilani. Patan a former princely state (Torawati) in Rajsthan Near Jaipur was ruled by Tanwar Rajputs and ruler of this state is also considered the head of Tanwar clan. [edit] Baba Ramdevji TanwarThis Holy Sage from Runicha, Rajsthan also known as Ram Peer. Born in 13th Century was a great social reformer and propounder of peace and equality. An yearly mela is held in Ramdevra in Jaisalmer District 118 KM from Jaisalmer in his remberance where devotees from Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat and Punjab participate[23]. [edit] Modern Tomar/Tanwar Personalities[edit] Politics
[edit] Civil Services
Late Thakur Jagmaal Singh Tanwar appointed in High Rank Civil Services, served the state of Rajasthan for following ministries - Coal & Mining, Finance, Labor. His father served His Highness Maharaja Ganga Singhji for his life time as a minister in the Royal Bikaneer Darbar. [edit] Armed Forces
[edit] Police / B.S.F.
[edit] Social Service / Sports /Others
[edit] References
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