Thymoquinone
IUPAC name	2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Other names	Thymoquinone
Identifiers
CAS number	490-91-5
PubChem	10281
SMILES	CC1=CC(=O)C(=CC1=O)C(C)C
Properties
Molecular formula	C10H12O2
Molar mass	164.2 g mol−1
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Thymoquinone is a phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. It has antioxidant effects and has been shown to protect against heart, liver and kidney damage in animal studies, as well as having possible anti-cancer effects.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]} It also has analgesic^[8] and anticonvulsant effects in animal models.^[9] It is an angiogenesis inhibitor.

[edit] References

1. ^ Houghton PJ, Zarka R, de las Heras B, Hoult JR. Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation. Planta Medica. 1995 Feb;61(1):33-6. PMID 7700988
2. ^ Badary OA, Nagi MN, al-Shabanah OA, al-Sawaf HA, al-Sohaibani MO, al-Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone ameliorates the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rodents and potentiates its antitumor activity. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 1997 Dec;75(12):1356-61. PMID 9534946
3. ^ al-Shabanah OA, Badary OA, Nagi MN, al-Gharably NM, al-Rikabi AC, al-Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity without compromising its antitumor activity. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research. 1998 Jun;17(2):193-8. PMID 9700580
4. ^ Badary OA, Al-Shabanah OA, Nagi MN, Al-Rikabi AC, Elmazar MM. Inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in mice by thymoquinone. European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 1999 Oct;8(5):435-40. PMID 10548399
5. ^ Ali BH, Blunden G. Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytotherapy Research. 2003 Apr;17(4):299-305. PMID 12722128
6. ^ Gali-Muhtasib H, Roessner A, Schneider-Stock R. Thymoquinone: a promising anti-cancer drug from natural sources. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2006;38(8):1249-53. PMID 16314136
7. ^ Al-Majed AA, Al-Omar FA, Nagi MN. Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against transient forebrain ischemia in the rat hippocampus. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2006 Aug 14;543(1-3):40-7. PMID 16828080
8. ^ Abdel-Fattah AM, Matsumoto K, Watanabe H. Antinociceptive effects of Nigella sativa oil and its major component, thymoquinone, in mice. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2000 Jul 14;400(1):89-97. PMID 10913589
9. ^ Hosseinzadeh H, Parvardeh S. Anticonvulsant effects of thymoquinone, the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, in mice. Phytomedicine. 2004 Jan;11(1):56-64. PMID 14971722

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