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Tassili n'Ajjer National Park
	Tassili n'Ajjer National Park
	IUCN Category II (National Park)
Location	Tamanrasset Province, Algeria
Coordinates	25°10′0″N 8°10′0″E / 25.166667°N 8.166667°ECoordinates: 25°10′0″N 8°10′0″E / 25.166667°N 8.166667°E
Area	72,000 km²
Established	1972

Tassili n'Ajjer
Tassili n'Ajjer*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Algeria
Type	Mixed
Criteria	i, iii, vii, viii
Reference	179
Region**	Arab States
	Inscription history
Inscription	1982 (6th Session)
	* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List.; ** Region as classified by UNESCO.

Tassili n'Ajjer (Tamazight, "Plateau of the Rivers", Arabic: طاسيلي ناجّر‎) is a mountain range in the Sahara desert in southeast Algeria, North Africa. It extends about 500 km from 26°20′N 5°00′E / 26.333°N 5°E / 26.333; 5 east-south-east to 24°00′N 10°00′E / 24°N 10°E / 24; 10, and the highest point is Adrar Afao, 2158 m, at 25°10′N 8°11′E / 25.167°N 8.183°E / 25.167; 8.183. The nearest town is Djanet, about 10 km southwest of the range.

Much of the range, including the cypresses and archaeological sites (see below), is protected in a National park, Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site, named the Tassili n'Ajjer National Park.

[edit] Geology

The range is composed largely of sandstone. Erosion in the area has resulted in nearly 300 natural rock arches being formed, along with many other spectacular landforms.

[edit] Ecology

Because of the altitude and the water-holding properties of the sandstone, the vegetation is somewhat richer than the surrounding desert; it includes a very scattered woodland of the endangered endemic species Saharan Cypress and Saharan Myrtle in the higher eastern half of the range.

The ecology of the Tassili n'Ajjer is more fully described in the article West Saharan montane xeric woodlands, the ecoregion to which this area belongs. The literal English translation of Tassili n'Ajjer is 'Plateau of the rivers' referring to a time when the climate was repeatedly far more wet than today (see Neolithic Subpluvial).

[edit] Prehistoric art

Carvings of fauna (animals) found in Tassili

The range is also noted for its prehistoric rock paintings and other ancient archaeological sites, dating from neolithic times when the local climate was much moister, with savannah rather than desert. The art depicts herds of cattle, large wild animals including crocodiles, and human activities such as hunting and dancing. The art has strong stylistic links to the pre-Nguni Art of South Africa and the region, executed in caves by the San Peoples before the year 1200 BC.

[edit] Further reading

Bahn, Paul G. (1998) The Cambridge Illustrated History of Prehistoric Art Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Bradley, R (2000) An archaeology of natural places London, Routledge.
Bruce-Lockhart, J and Wright, J (2000) Difficult and Dangerous Roads: Hugh Clapperton's Travels in the Sahara and Fezzan 1822-1825
Chippindale, Chris and Tacon, S-C (eds) (1998) The Archaeology of Rock Art Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Clottes, J. (2002): World Rock Art. Los Angeles: Getty Publications.
Coulson, D and Campbell, Alec (2001) African Rock Art: Paintings and Engravings on Stone New York, Harry N Abrams.
Holl, Augustin F.C. (2004) Saharan Rock Art, Archaeology of Tassilian Pastoralist Icongraphy
Lajoux, Jean-Dominique (1977) Tassili n'Ajjer: Art Rupestre du Sahara Préhistorique
Le Quellec, J-L (1998) Art Rupestre et Prehistoire du Sahara. Le Messak Libyen Paris: Editions Payot et Rivages, Biblioteque Scientifique Payot.
Lhote, Henri (1959, reprinted 1973) The Search for the Tassili Frescoes: The story of the prehistoric rock-paintings of the Sahara London.
Mattingly, D (ed) (forthcoming) The archaeology of the Fezzan.
Muzzolini, A (1997) "Saharan Rock Art", in Vogel, J O (ed) Encyclopedia of Precolonial Africa Walnut Creek: 347-353.
Van Albada, A. and Van Albada, A.-M. (2000): La Montagne des Hommes-Chiens: Art Rupestre du Messak Lybien Paris, Seuil.
Whitley, D S (ed) (2001) Handbook of Rock Art Research New York: Altamira Press.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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