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The Sukhoi Su-35 (formerly Su-27M)[6] (NATO reporting name: Flanker-E) is a 4+ generation heavy class, long-range, multi-role fighter. Due to the similar features and components it contains, the Sukhoi Su-35 is considered to be a close cousin of the Sukhoi Su-30MKI, a specialized version of the Su-30.[7] It has been further developed into the Su-35BM.[8] The Su-35 is in service in small numbers with the Russian Air Force with 12 in service as of 2008.[2]
[edit] Design and development[edit] Su-27M/Su-35The Su-35 is an advanced Su-27 derivative and was initially designated Su-27M. The Su-27M development began in the early 1980s.[9] A Su-27M prototype (T-10S-70) first flew in 1988. Changes from the Su-27 include canards, upgraded engines, new radar, and a digital fly by wire flight control system.[10] Other changes made were glass cockpit, aerial refueling probe, twin-wheel nose gear, more powerful radar, two additional underwing pylons, additional fuel capacity, and larger tail fins with horizontal carbon fibre tips.[11] The first prototype was publicly displayed in 1992 at the Farnborough Airshow.[12] Sukhoi changed its designation for the fighter from Su-27M to Su-35 in 1993.[9] Ten prototypes Su-35s were built with four being converted Su-27s and the others being new-builds.[13] Three production Su-27Ms were completed in 1996 and delivered to Russian Air Force (VVS) that year for testing.[14] Five Su-35s have been used by the Russian Knights display team. In total 15 flight capable Su-35 (Su-27M) aircraft were produced, including a Su-35UB two-seat prototype.[1] Two of these Su-35s were modified into Su-37s in the mid to late 1990s.[15] The Su-35 has been nicknamed "Super Flanker".[1] [edit] ModernisationMain article: Sukhoi Su-35BM Sukhoi began modernising the Su-35 in the mid-2000s to provide a 4.5 type generation fighter making use of current technologies.[16][17][18] The modernised Su-35 will be interim design until the fifth generation PAK FA (T-50) enters service.[16] The first modernised Su-35 was recently presented at the MAKS-2007 air show in August 2007. The new Su-35 version first flew on 19 February 2008. The version is now in production with deliveries to customers to begin in 2009.[16] The modernised Su-35 has been referred to as "Su-35BM" (Bolshaya Modernizatsiya - Big Modernization) by some sources,[8][19] but Sukhoi simply refers to the fighter as "Su-35".[16] The new design has a reinforced airframe for longer service life and has a reduced radar signature from the front.[16] The modernised Su-35's new nose holds an improved passive electronically scanned array radar and the aircraft featured many other upgrades to its avionics and electronic systems, including digital fly-by-wire and a rear-looking radar for firing Semi-Active Radar missiles. In the 1990s, a two-dimensional asymmetric thrust vectoring system was first tested on the Su-35 and served as a basis for further development of the Su-37. For the modernised Su-35, a new type of 2D thrust vectoring engine, the 117S, has been developed and replaces the current AL-31F or AL-35.[20] The modernised Su-35's Irbis-E radar has an average power output of 5 kW and a peak output of 20 kW. When the H035 radar was tested on Su-30MK No. 503, the detection range was as far as 290 kilometers with 1 kW power output.[20] The radar system can track up to 30 aerial targets and engage up to eight.[6] The radar has a diameter of 900mm and scans electronically to 60 degrees Azimuth and Elevation and mechanical scanning increases the Azimuth coverage to 120 degrees. It has an air to air detection range of 90 km against a stealth aircraft target RCS of 0.01 sqm, as compared to the 105 km range of the AIM-120C-5.[21] .jpg) Contrary to the designs of the original Su-35 and Sukhoi's other recent machines - the Su-30MKI and the Su-37 - the new Su-35 omits the canard and speedbrake. The canards were needed to increase/maintain maneuverability of the planes despite the addition of more modern, significantly heavier (than Su-27) hardware in the nose area. The disadvantages of the canards is that they significantly increase radar returns and drag, thus decreasing efficiency, speed, range, and weapons-carrying capacity. The Su-35 uses composite materials and newer on board electronic packages to make the insides of the aircraft significantly lighter, especially in the nose area. This allowed the designers at Sukhoi to do away with the Canards and their disadvantages while still keeping up high operational system characteristics. The lightness of the new design has actually allowed an increase in both fuel and weapons-carrying capacity as compared to earlier Su fighters. To maintain maneuverability equal to or greater than canard-equipped fighters, the Su-35 uses fully-rotating vectoring thrust nozzles on its new powerful Saturn engines.[22] In July 2008, Russia has offered the Su-35 for sale to India,[23] Malaysia and Algeria.[24] The Brazilian Air Force,[25] and Venezuelan Air Force[26][27] have expressed interest in purchasing Su-35s to replace their older fighters. On 18 August 2009, the Russian Defense Ministry announced a contract for 48 Su-35S fighters along with 16 Su-27/30 fighters by 2015.[28][29] The Su-35 is participating in Brazil's F-X2 contest. Anatoly Isaikin, general director of Rosoboronexport, declared on 6 October 2009 that the company will provide 120 fighters and a full transfer of technology.[30] [edit] Variants
[edit] Operators[edit] Specifications[edit] Su-27MData from Gordon and Davidson,[32] Milavia.net[33] General characteristics
Performance
[edit] Su-35Data from KNAAPO Su-35 page,[34] Su-35 booklet,[35] Gordon and Davidson,[32] MAKS 2007 Su-35 display[36] General characteristics
Performance
Armament
Avionics
[edit] See alsoRelated development Comparable aircraft Related lists [edit] References[edit] Notes
[edit] Bibliography
[edit] External links
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