Stenosis Classification and external resources
CT scan of a bronchial stenosis (arrow) that resulted from tracheobronchial injury
MeSH	D003251

A stenosis (plural: stenoses; from Ancient Greek στένωσις, "narrowing") is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure.

It is also sometimes called a "stricture" (as in urethral stricture).

The term "coarctation" is synonymous,^[1] but is only commonly used in the context of aortic coarctation.

[edit] Diagnosis

Stenoses of the vascular type are often associated with unusual blood sounds resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This bruit can be made audible by a stethoscope but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form of medical imaging.

[edit] Causes

• atherosclerosis causes stenotic lesions in arteries.
• birth defects
• ischemia
• infection
• neoplasm
• inflammation
• iatrogenic, e.g. secondary to radiation therapy
• smoking

[edit] Types

The resulting syndrome depends on the structure affected.

Examples of vascular stenotic lesions include:

• Intermittent claudication (peripheral artery stenosis)
• Angina (coronary artery stenosis)
• Carotid artery stenosis which predispose to (strokes and transient ischaemic episodes)
• Renal artery stenosis

Stenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:

• Pyloric stenosis (gastric outflow obstruction)
• Obstructive jaundice (biliary tract stenosis)
• Bowel obstruction
• Phimosis
• Hydrocephalus
• Stenosing tenosynovitis
• Spinal stenosis
• Subglottic stenosis (SGS)

[edit] See also

• Restenosis
• Atresia

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Tracheal Stenosis Audio and Video
• Treatment of Spinal Stenosis