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Steens Mountain
SteensMountainOR.jpg
Steens Mountain, looking northwest from the Alvord Desert.
Elevation 9,733 feet (2,967 m) NGVD 29 [1]
Location Harney County, Oregon, USA
Prominence 4,373 feet (1,333 m) [1]
Coordinates 42°38′11″N 118°34′36″W / 42.636418°N 118.576717°W / 42.636418; -118.576717Coordinates: 42°38′11″N 118°34′36″W / 42.636418°N 118.576717°W / 42.636418; -118.576717 [1]
Topo map USGS Wildhorse Lake
Easiest route Short hike from gravel road
Location of Steens Mountain within Oregon
Steens Mountain and vicinity      Wilderness Area      Lake or other body of water      Indian reservation

Steens Mountain is a large fault-block mountain in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Oregon. Located in Harney County, it stretches some 50 miles (80 km) and rises from an elevation of about 4,200 feet (1,300 m) above the Alvord Desert to its peak at 9,733 feet (2,967 m). It is sometimes confused with a mountain range, but is properly a single mountain.

The east face of Steens Mountain is almost entirely comprised of basalts stacked one upon another. Staggering amounts of magma, with several flows hundreds of feet deep, inundated the region between 14 and 17 million years ago.[2][3][4]

It was called the "Snowy Mountains" during early fur trade, but in 1860 was renamed for U.S. Army Major Enoch Steen, who fought and drove off members of the Paiute tribe on the mountain.[5][6]

Several plant species are endemic to Steens Mountain, including Steens paintbrush, moss gentian, Steens Mountain penstemon, Steens Mountain Thistle, a dwarf blue lupine and Cusick's buckwheat.[7][8]

On October 24, 2000, president Bill Clinton created the Steens Mountain BLM Cooperative Management and Protection Area, a 425,000 acres (1,720 km2) area. This law protects 1,200,000 acres (4,860 km2) from mining, and 100,000 acres (405 km2) from cattle grazing.[9]

Steens Mountain is also host to Steens Mountain Running Camp, a nationally known[10] cross country training camp that has been held on the mountain since 1975.[11][12]

Contents

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c "Steens Mountain, Oregon". Peakbagger.com. http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=3338. Retrieved 2009-12-27 
  2. ^ SummitPost.org, Southeast Oregon Basin and Range
  3. ^ USGS, Andesitic and basaltic rocks on Steens Mountain
  4. ^ GeoScienceWorld, Genesis of flood basalts and Basin and Range volcanic rocks from Steens Mountain to the Malheur River Gorge, Oregon
  5. ^ McArthur, Lewis A.; Lewis L. McArthur (2003) [1928]. Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. ISBN 0-87595-277-1 (trade paperback), ISBN 0-87595-278-X (hardcover). 
  6. ^ Loy, Willam G.; Stuart Allan, Aileen R. Buckley, James E. Meecham (2001). Atlas of Oregon. University of Oregon Press. pp. 25. ISBN 0-87114-102-7. 
  7. ^ Sullivan, William L. (2002). Thurman, Paula (Ed.). ed. Exploring Oregon's Wild Areas (3rd ed. ed.). The Mountaineers Books. 
  8. ^ St. John, Alan D. (2007). Oregon's Dry Side: Exploring East of the Cascade Crest. Timber Press. 
  9. ^ Karras, Christy (2001-08-16). "Politicians dedicate Steens Mountain preserve". Seattle Post Intelligencer. http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/getaways/35297_steens16.shtml. Retrieved 2008-04-02. 
  10. ^ "Upcoming Oregon running camps give young runners a new outlook". TrailRunner Magazine. http://www.trailrunnermag.com/news_detail.php?page=news&id=20. Retrieved 2008-04-01. 
  11. ^ "Home page". Steens Mountain Running Camp. http://www.steensmountainrunningcamp.net. Retrieved 2008-04-02. 
  12. ^ "Steens Mountain Running Camp". YouthRunner Magazine. http://www.youthrunner.com/content/view/742/38. Retrieved 2008-04-02. 

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