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Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey and Saint Margaret's Church
Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey and Saint Margaret's Church*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Type	Cultural
Criteria	i, ii, iv
Reference	426
Region**	Europe and North America
	Inscription history
Inscription	1987 (11th Session)
	* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List.; ** Region as classified by UNESCO.

The Anglican church of St. Margaret, Westminster Abbey is situated in the grounds of Westminster Abbey on Parliament Square, and is the parish church^[1] of the British Houses of Parliament in London. It is dedicated to Margaret of Antioch.^[2]

[edit] Background

Originally founded in the 12th century by Benedictine monks, so that local people who lived in the area around the Abbey^[3] could worship separately at their own simpler parish church, and historically part of the hundred of Ossulstone in the county of Middlesex,^[4] St. Margaret's was rebuilt from 1486 to 1523. It became the parish of the Palace of Westminster in 1614, when the Puritans of the 17th century, unhappy with the highly liturgical Abbey, chose to hold Parliamentary services in the more "suitable" St. Margaret's,^[5] a practice that has since continued.

The North-West tower was rebuilt by John James from 1734 to 1738; at the same time, the whole structure was encased in Portland stone. Both the eastern and the western porch were added later by J. L. Pearson. The church's interior was greatly restored and altered to its current appearance by Sir George Gilbert Scott in 1877,^[6] although many of the Tudor features have remained.

Notable features include the Eastern window of 1509 of Flemish stained glass, created to remember the betrothal of Catherine of Aragon to Prince Arthur,^[7] elder brother of Henry VIII. Other windows commemorate William Caxton, Britain's first printer, who was buried at the church in 1491, Sir Walter Raleigh, executed in Old Palace Yard^[8] and then also buried in the church in 1618, and the poet John Milton, a parishioner of the church. The collector Henry Constantine Jennings is also buried there.^[9]

The church has been a common venue for "society" weddings, including those of Samuel Pepys^[10] and Sir Winston Churchill.^[11] and members of the Bright Young People.^[12] The ensemble of St. Margaret's, the Palace of Westminster, and Westminster Abbey is a World Heritage Site.

[edit] Organ

The organ is largely by J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

[edit] Organists

St. Margaret's has a lengthy musical tradition;

John Egglestone
John Parsons 1616 - 1621 (then organist of Westminster Abbey)^[13]
John Hilton 1621 - 1629
John Blow 1695 - ????
Bernard Smith 1676 - 1708
Henry Turner 1708 - ????
John Illam ???? - 1726
Edward Purcell, son of Henry Purcell, was organist from 1726 to 1740
James Butler 1740 - 1772
William Rock 1774 - 1802
Michael Rock 1802 - 1809
John Bernard Sale 1809 - 1838
Walter Galpin Alcock ???? - 1896
Edwin Lemare 1897 - 1902
Reginald Goss-Custard 1902 - 1914
Edwin Stephenson 1914 - 1922
Herbert Dawson 1929 - 1965
Martin Neary 1965 - 1972
Richard Hickox 1972 - 1982
Thomas Trotter
Simon Over 1992 - 2002

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] Other burials

Wenceslas Hollar

[edit] Gallery

Explanatory plaque

St. Margaret's Church. To the left is the Tower of Big Ben at the Palace of Westminster; to the right is the Abbey.

St. Margaret's, seen from the London Eye Ferris wheel

The nave of St. Margaret's

[edit] References

^ Westminster Abbey. "St. Margaret's, Westminster Parish details". http://www.westminster-abbey.org/st-margarets/history/. Retrieved 2008-05-03.
^ Pevsner, N.; Bradley, Simon (2003). The Buildings of England: London 6 - Westminster. Uxbridge: Penguin. ISBN 0300095953.
^ McManus, Mark. "St. Margaret's, Westminster". http://www.ourpasthistory.com/England/st-margaret-westminster. Retrieved 2008-05-03.
^ Hawgood, David. "St. Margaret's, Westminster". Genuki (Genealogy UK & Ireland). http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/MDX/WestminsterStMargaret/index.html. Retrieved 2008-05-03.
^ Wright, A.; Smith, P. (1868). Parliament past and present. London: Hutchinson & Co.
^ Scott, G. G. (1995) [1879]. Stamp, G.. ed. Personal and Professional Recollections. [Uxbridge: Sampson Low Marston Searle & Rivington] Donington: Paul Watkins Publishing. ISBN 1871615267.
^ Starkey, D. (2004). Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII. London: Harper Collins. ISBN 0060005505.
^ Smith, Christopher. "Sir Walter Raleigh - Execution". Britannia Biographies. http://www.britannia.com/bios/raleigh/executio.html. Retrieved 2008-05-03.
^ Angelicoussis, E. (2004). "Jennings, Henry Constantine (1731–1819)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 019861411X.
^ Pepys, S. (1987). Samuel Pepys. ed. The Illustrated Pepys: Extracts from the Diary. Harmondsworth: Penguin. ISBN 0141390166.
^ Gilbert, M. (1991). Churchill: A life. London: Heinnemann. ISBN 0434291838.
^ Taylor, D.J. (2009). Bright Young People The Lost Generation of London's Jazz Age. Fsg Adult. ISBN 0374116830.
^ Dwight's Journal of Music, p.331

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: St Margaret's, Westminster

Coordinates: 51°30′00″N 0°07′37″W / 51.5°N 0.12694°W / 51.5; -0.12694

[0] Westminster Abbey. "St. Margaret's, Westminster Parish details". http://www.westminster-abbey.org/st-margarets/history/. Retrieved 2008-05-03.

[1] Pevsner, N.; Bradley, Simon (2003). The Buildings of England: London 6 - Westminster. Uxbridge: Penguin. ISBN 0300095953.

[2] McManus, Mark. "St. Margaret's, Westminster". http://www.ourpasthistory.com/England/st-margaret-westminster. Retrieved 2008-05-03.

[3] Hawgood, David. "St. Margaret's, Westminster". Genuki (Genealogy UK & Ireland). http://homepages.gold.ac.uk/genuki/MDX/WestminsterStMargaret/index.html. Retrieved 2008-05-03.

[4] Wright, A.; Smith, P. (1868). Parliament past and present. London: Hutchinson & Co.

[5] Scott, G. G. (1995) [1879]. Stamp, G.. ed. Personal and Professional Recollections. [Uxbridge: Sampson Low Marston Searle & Rivington] Donington: Paul Watkins Publishing. ISBN 1871615267.

[6] Starkey, D. (2004). Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII. London: Harper Collins. ISBN 0060005505.

[7] Smith, Christopher. "Sir Walter Raleigh - Execution". Britannia Biographies. http://www.britannia.com/bios/raleigh/executio.html. Retrieved 2008-05-03.

[8] Angelicoussis, E. (2004). "Jennings, Henry Constantine (1731–1819)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 019861411X.

[9] Pepys, S. (1987). Samuel Pepys. ed. The Illustrated Pepys: Extracts from the Diary. Harmondsworth: Penguin. ISBN 0141390166.

[10] Gilbert, M. (1991). Churchill: A life. London: Heinnemann. ISBN 0434291838.

[11] Taylor, D.J. (2009). Bright Young People The Lost Generation of London's Jazz Age. Fsg Adult. ISBN 0374116830.

[12] Dwight's Journal of Music, p.331

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