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For other uses, see Chicacole. For the Srikakulam village in krishna district, see Ghantasala (town).
Srikakulam (Telugu - శ్రీకాకుళం) is a town, municipality and headquarters of Srikakulam district in the north-eastern Andhra Pradesh, India. With the same name there is a "Srikakulam Assembly constituency" and a "Srikakulam Parliament Constituency'". Srikakulam-municipality. Srikakulam was formerly called as Gulshanabad (Garden city) during Muslim rule and was headquarter of Muslim fauzdars. It was renamed as Chicacole by British colonial rulers and after independence, it was renamed as Srikakulam. There are two places with the same name in the state. A district and town by the same name on the north east corner of the state as well as a small village on the bank of river Krishna in Ghantasala (Mandal) of Krishna district. The village Srikakulam houses the Andhra Maha Vishnu temple. Legend says that this temple was constructed by the great Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara Empire.
[edit] HistoryThis region of Andhra Pradesh was part of Kalinga region at first and later a part of Gajapati kingdom of Orissa up to mediaeval period.It was in the 'Kutubshahi' ruling in 1687 Srikakulam (Gulshanabad) was a village and formed as fauzdhari-center for their money transactions for the areas of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Vishakhapatnam, and some parts of Orissa. The word Gulshanabad derives from Persian words Gulistan\Gulshan that means Rose garden and abad (creation). It was developed as town in the Muslim ruling, even today you can find more than 10,000 Muslims living in this town following their culture,tradition and values. Srikakulam has also been head quarter for revenue collection under Nizam state of Hyderabad since 1707. Nizams of Hyderabad assigned Gulshanabad (Srikakulam), Rajahmundry, Eluru and Mustafanagar (Kondapalli) districts to French India in 1753. French imperialists were driven out from these districts by British imperialists in 1756 during Anglo-French wars.  In 1759 the Fauzdhari ruling was ended and British ruling started, and Srikakulam town has been made part of Ganjam district and Palakonda and Rajam areas were included in Vizag district in the undivided Madras province. In 1936 the combined Madras-Orissa state was divided to Madras and Orissa and Parlakimidi Taluk was separated from combined Madras state, hence the Srikakulam was remained as Srikaklam taluk, Srikakulam town as Srikakulam municipality since 1857 under British rule. In 1947 after Indian independence, many including Potti Sriramulu fought for separate Andhra State. In 1948 many demanded for Srikakulam district as it was in combined vizag district. First 'chintada' village was proposed as district head-quarter by some central leaders. It was on 17 July 1950, a representation was given by Challa Narasimhu naidu, an eminent leader, Pullela Vemkataramanayya (P.V. Ramanayya), who was an Eminent Advocate and Public Prosecutor and also a Freedom Fighter to the then Revenue Minister H. Sitaramareddy on his visit to this area, and requested to select Srikakulam as District head-quarters at his camp office in Vizianagaram. Minister H. Sitaramareddy personally saw some places in srikakulam for selection. Then MLA of this area Garemalla Kumaraswami gave a speech on the dias of the meeting arranged on honour of the minister indicating that many important towns and capitals in the world were situated on the banks of rivers like England (Thames River), Srirangam (Kaveri), Agra (Yamuna), Kashi (Ganga), Rajamundry (Godavari), Vijayawada (Krishan) etc., and for Srikakulam it is Nagavali and convinced the minister Sitaramareddy. Along with Rokkam Ramamurty, Pullela Venkataramanyya (P.V. Ramanayya), Pasagada Suryanarayana, Baratam Venkataramanayya, Mangu Raghavarao followed Garemella Kumaraswami as group to convince and represent the request memorandum. The minister decided and selected Srikakulam as head-quarters after reaching Madras then state capital. Kimidi Kalavenkatarao ex-revenue minister in the combined Madras state had done a lot for formation of this District, who was the grandfather of present Vunukuru MLA Kalavenkatarao. On 15 August 1950, at about 4.00 p.m. the district was announced with Srikakulam town as headquarters and with three revenue divisions Palakonda, Srikakulam and Tekkali. At first, Parvatipuram revenue division was part of Srikakulam district and later transferred to Vizianagaram district. Mr. Night was the then collector in the combined Vizag Srikakulam and Mr. Janab Shek Ahammadh appointed as first district collector for separated Srikakulam. On 3 January 1951, the first District Board was formed and Rokkam Laxmi Narasimha Dora was elected as president. [edit] Important temples and places of worship
[edit] Eminent Personalities[edit] Parliamentary ConstituencyList of Members of Parliament:
[edit] Assembly ConstituencyList of Members of Legislative Assembly:
[edit] Srikakulam MunicipalitySrikakulam municipality Town has a population of 109,666 (agglomeration 117,066) (2001 census). File:Municipality srikakulam.jpg Municipality of Srikakulam  River Nagavali flows through Srikakulam town. There is also a historical old bridge on river Nagavaly in the town that was constructed by British colonial rulers in 1854 and still in use but restricted for light vehicles.There are another Two bridges one at Day & Night Junction and other for one-way traffic at Kottaroad junction. Srikakulam town is surrounded by many villages and people daily come for work from different sides by walk or by cycling, and it needs another walking bridge at Collector's Bunglow to facilitate good traffic for the walkers. Srikakulam town is located at (lat: 18o18' N, lon: 83o54' E). Srikakulam was also capital of Muslim kings. Ruined tombs of Muslim kings are still seen in Srikakulam town. This is the biggest municipality of the four municipalities of the district. It has the history of 150 years . At present it has 36 wards
Population
Industries: The district has industrial estates housing various types of small, medium and large scale industries. Pydibhimavaram, 35 km from Srikakulam town, is an industrial estate in Ranasthal Mandal houses Pharmaceutical industries like Dr Reddy's laboratories Limited, Aurobindo Pharmaceuticals Limited, Andhra Organics etc., The area is major hub for future industrial growth, as it is well connected by Road from Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam. And there is also one sugar factory near Srikakulam Road. Slowly Srikakulam is also heading towards industrial development.Sand mining leases were given to russian mining companies for extraction of minerals especially titanium along the coastal belt(off the kalingapatnam coast).Two new thermal power projects are coming up in the district.On the whole the district is poised for a major leap in industrial development in the coming years. = Medical
[edit] JudicialOf 19 courts in the District, only two are present in the town: a District court and a Municipal Bench court. About 75 lawyers and one law college are present in the municipal area. [edit] PoliceThere are three police stations in the town: 1-Town, 2-Town, and Mahila Police Station. There is one rural police-station at Peddapadu, which serves rural mandalam. All the district police officers reside in the town. [edit] Transport  RTC bus complex has two depots that provide service to almost all villages around Srikakulam Town. Every 20 minutes there are non-stop buses to Visakhapatnam from 5.00 a.m. to 9.00 p.m. and every 15 minutes there are express buses from 5.30 a.m. to 10.15 p.m. For Vizianagaram there buses for every 30 minutes from 5.00 a.m. to 8.30 p.m. For Palakonda there are buses for every 30 minutes from 6.00 a.m. to 9.30 p.m. To Narasannapeta there are buses every 10 minutes round the clock up to Icchapuram and to some parts of Orissa. Srikakulam town is proximate to railway station. Srikakulam Road station located at Amadalavalasa railhead of Srikakulam town. In 2006 a reservation counter at municipal office was opened. Many trains to the north (Palasa, Howrah, and Bhubaneswar) and south (Vijayawada, Secundearabad, and Chennai) leave from here. Many taxis and autorickshaws are available from Srikakulam to reach the railway station. RTC and private busses are also available for every 5 minutes from Srikakulam Road railway station to Srikakulam RTC Complex and old bus stand. There is a railway overpass at Amadalavalasa to facilitate the land vehicles movements. [edit] Parks
[edit] Sports
[edit] See also[edit] References
[edit] Gallery
[edit] External links
[edit] HistoryChicacole, was the former name for the city of Srikakulam that was applied by British colonial rulers. It is said that the word Chicacole came from two Persian words - Chica and Khol. Chica means "a small cloth bag which can be closed by pulling athread around its neck" and Khol means 'open'. Under the Muslim rule, this place was used as a toll gate where traders were demanded by the staff in Persian "Chika Khol", which means 'open the bag and pay toll'. Unaware that the meaning of these Persian words were a demand to pay toll, people used to call the place as "chicacole". Which in later periods became Srikakulam. We can say that this is a kind of reverse transliteration. During Muslim rule, Srikakulam was called as Gulshanabad (Garden city). Srikakulam was headquarter of fauzdars (local governors) under Muslim rule. The popular one of those fauzdars was Sher Mohammad Khan (Sher Khan). He was titled as Sher-e-Gulshanabad (Lion of Gulshanabad). Village Sher Mohammed Puram in Etcherla mandal in Srikakulam district was built by Sher Mohammed Khan and tank named Sher Khan Cheruvu was also built by him. Ruined tombs of Muslim kings are still seen in Srikakulam. Srikakulam is situated in north of Andhra Pradesh. Modern Srikakulam district was formed on August 15, 1950. Srikakulam, the northernmost district in the Andhra Pradesh, was a part of Vishakapatnam District until it was bifurcated in 1950. Srikakulam town, the headquarters of the district, is located on the both sides banks of the River Nagavali. Towards the west is Bay of Bengal and towards the South East is Vijayanagaram district and towards north is state of Orissa. Handloom weaving is the chief cottage industry here. Srikakulam is also famous for its high quality muslin. The most important places of interest in the town include a mosque known as Jumma Masjid, built by Sher Muhammad Khan, and the temple of Kotisvaraswami. In the olden days; Chedidianasti kings, Satavahana kings and Golkonda nawabs ruled some part of this district. This region of Andhra Pradesh was part of Kalinga region at fist and later a part of Gajapati kingdom of Orissa up to mediaeval period.It was in the 'Kutubshahi' ruling in 1687 Srikakulam (Gulshanabad) was a village and formed as fauzdhari-center for their money transactions for the areas of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Vishakhapatnam, and some parts of Orissa. The word Gulshanabad derives from Persian words Gulistan (Gulshan) that means Rose garden and abad (creation). It was developed as town in the Muslim ruling, even today you can find more than 10,000 Muslims living in this town following their culture,tradition and values. Srikakulam has also been head quarter for revenue collection under Nizam state of Hyderabad since 1707. Nizams of Hyderabad assigned Gulshanabad (Srikakulam), Rajahmundry, Eluru and Mustafanagar (Kondapalli) districts to French India in 1953. French imperialists were driven out from these districts by British imperialists in 1756 during Anglo-French wars. In 1759 the Fauzdhari ruling was ended and British ruling started, and Srikakulam town has been made part of Ganjam district and Palakonda and Rajam areas were included in Vizag district in the undivided Madras province. In 1936 the combined Madras-Orissa state was divided to Madras and Orissa and Parlakimidi Taluk was separated from combined Madras state, hence the Srikakulam was remained as Srikaklam taluk, Srikakulam town as Srikakulam municipality since 1857 under British rule. In 1947 after Indian independence, many including Potti Sriramulu fought for separate Andhra State. In 1948 many demanded for Srikakulam district as it was in combined vizag district. First 'chintada' village was proposed as district head-quarter by some central leaders. It was on 17 July 1950, a representation was given by Challa Narasimhu naidu, an eminent leader, Pullela Vemkataramanayya (P.V. Ramanayya), who was an Eminent Advocate and Public Prosecutor and also a Freedom Fighter to the then Revenue Minister H. Sitaramareddy on his visit to this area, and requested to select Srikakulam as District head-quarters at his camp office in Vizianagaram. Minister H. Sitaramareddy personally saw some places in srikakulam for selection. Then MLA of this area Garemalla Kumaraswami gave a speech on the dias of the meeting arranged on honour of the minister indicating that many important towns and capitals in the world were situated on the banks of rivers like England (Thames River), Srirangam (Kaveri), Agra (Yamuna), Kashi (Ganga), Rajamundry (Godavari), Vijayawada (Krishan) etc., and for Srikakulam it is Nagavali and convinced the minister Sitaramareddy. Along with Rokkam Ramamurty, Pullela Venkataramanyya (P.V. Ramanayya), Pasagada Suryanarayana, Baratam Venkataramanayya, Mangu Raghavarao followed Garemella Kumaraswami as group to convince and represent the request memorandum. The minister decided and selected Srikakulam as head-quarters after reaching Madras then state capital. Kimidi Kalavenkatarao ex-revenue minister in the combined Madras state had done a lot for formation of this District, who was the grandfather of present Vunukuru MLA Kalavenkatarao. On 15 August 1950, at about 4.00 p.m. the district was announced with Srikakulam town as headquarters and with three revenue divisions Palakonda, Srikakulam and Tekkali. At first, Parvatipuram revenue division was part of Srikakulam district and later transferred to Vizianagaram district. Mr. Night was the then collector in the combined Vizag Srikakulam and Mr. Janab Shek Ahammadh appointed as first district collector for separated Srikakulam. On 3 January 1951, the first District Board was formed and Rokkam Laxmi Narasimha Dora was elected as president. [edit] District profileSrikakulam District is the extreme Northeastern District of Andhra Pradesh situated within the geographic co-ordinates of 18�-20� and 19�-10� of Northern latitude and 83�-50� and 84�-50� of Eastern longitude. The District is skirted to a distance by Kandivalasagedda, Vamsadhara and Bahuda at certain stretches of their courses white a line of heights of the great Eastern Ghats run from North East. Vizianagaram District flanks in the south and west while Orissa bounds it on the north and Bay of Bengal on the East .The total area of the District is 5837 Sq. Kms. It has a population of 2537593 persons according to the 2001 census. The District derived its name from Srikakulam its headquarters town. Srikakulam District was carved out in 1950 by bifurcating it from Visakhapatnam District, it remained unaffected in its territorial jurisdiction for quite some time. But in November, 1969 the District lost 63 Villages from Saluru Taluk and 44 Villages from Bobbili Taluk on account of their transfer to the then newly constituted Gajapathinagaram Taluk of Visakhapatnam District. Again in May, 1979, the District had undergone major territorial changes on account of the formation of new District with head quarters at Vizianagaram which involved transfer of Salur, Bobbili, Parvathipuram and Cheepurupalli Taluks to the new District. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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