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The ethno-linguistic composition of the population of South Asia, that is the nations of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka is highly diverse. The majority of the population fall within two large groups, Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. These groups are further subdivided into numerous sub-groups, castes and tribes. Indo-Aryans form the predominant ethno-linguistic group in Northern India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Dravidians form the predominant ethno-linguistic group in southern India and the northern and eastern regions of Sri Lanka, and a small pocket in Pakistan. Iranian peoples, grouped with Indo-Aryans in the Indo-Iranian language group, also have a significant presence in South Asia, the large majority of whom are located in Pakistan - with heavy concentrations in Balochistan, North-West Frontier Province and Federally Administered Tribal Areas. Dardic peoples form a minority among the Indo-Aryans. They are classified as belonging to the Indo-Aryan language group[1] Sometimes they are also classified as external to the Indo-Aryan branch[2], and are found in northern Pakistan (Northern Areas and North-West Frontier Province) and in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Minority groups not falling within either large group mostly belong to the Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman language families. The Andamanese (Sentinel, Onge, Jarawa, Great Andamanese) live on some of the Andaman Islands and speak a language isolate, as do the Kusunda in central Nepal[3], the Vedda in Sri Lanka, and the Nihali of central India, who number about 5000 people. The people of the Hunza valley in Pakistan are another distinct population. They speak Burushaski, a language isolate. The traditions of different ethnic groups in South Asia have diverged, influenced by external cultures, especially in the northwestern parts of South Asia (where Turkic and Iranian peoples have had much influence) and in the border regions and busy ports, where there are greater levels of contact with external cultures. The largest ethno-linguistic group in South Asia are the Indo-Aryans, numbering around 1 billion, and the largest sub-group are the native speakers of Hindi languages, numbering more than 300 million.
[edit] List[edit] Indo-Iranian peoplesIndo-Aryan peoples People who speak an Indo-European language 
[edit] Iranian peoples
[edit] Dardic peoplesNote: The Dardic languages are largely seen as Indo-Aryan, but are sometimes seen as a separate Indo-Iranian branch. [edit] Other Indo-Iranian[edit] Dravidian peoples
[edit] Austro-Asiatic-speaking peoples[edit] Altaic People
[edit] Austronesian people[edit] Sino-Tibetan peoples/Himalayan Peoples
[edit] Semitic peoples
[edit] Tai peoples[edit] European/Eurasian peoples[edit] Afro-Asian[edit] Linguistically isolate groups[edit] DiasporaMany South Asian ethnic groups and nationalities have substantial diasporas outside of South Asia.
See also Punjabi diaspora, Tamil diaspora, Pakistani diaspora, Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora and Indian diaspora. Two (or possibly three) other people groups have ethnic and linguistic ties with the region:
[edit] References
[edit] See also
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