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 Shulchan Aruch HaRav (Hebrew: "Code of Jewish Law by the Rabbi"; also Shulkhan Arukh HaRav) is a codification of halakha by Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi, known during his lifetime as HaRav ("The Rabbi"). Since his lifetime he has been known as the Alter Rebbe (Old Rebbe) in Habad Hasidic circles, and as the "Baal HaTanya" (Author of the Tanya) more widely, for his other main work.
[edit] New version of the Shulchan AruchAt a young age, Rabbi Shneur Zalman was asked by his teacher, Rabbi Dovber of Mezeritch to recodify the Shulchan Aruch of Rabbi Yosef Karo - incorporating commentaries on that work, and subsequent responsa - so that laymen would be able to study Jewish law. The work thus states the decided halakha, as well as the underlying reasoning. The Maggid of Mezeritch, the second leader of Hasidism, saught a new version of the Code of Jewish law for the nascent movement. He recognised the ability of the young Schneur Zalman in mastery of the legal Talmudic aspects of Torah study, alongside the mystical. Among the "Chevra Kadisha" (Holy Society) of elite disciples in Mezeritch, Schneur Zalman was affectionately known as "the Litvak" for his analytical mind. After the passing of DovBer, Schneur Zalman was appointed to spread Hasidism in White Russia, adjacent to the Lithuanian stronghold of Mitnagdic opposition. In the academy of Mezeritch, it is related that he would learn Torah in chavrusa (parnership) with Rabbi Avrohom HaMalach ("The Angel"), son of DovBer. He would teach Rabbi Avraham Talmudic scholarship, and the Malach would teach him Hasidic philosophy. [edit] InfluenceThe Shulchan Aruch HaRav is today used by Chabad Hasidim as their basis for daily practice. The work is considered authoritative throughout Judaism, and citations to it are found in respected non-Hasidic sources as well, such as the Mishnah Berurah and the Ben Ish Chai. Shulchan Aruch HaRav is also one of three works on which Shlomo Ganzfried based his rulings in the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, the well-known precis of Jewish law. Although widely accepted, the work was originally limited in printings. Much of the text was lost in a fire in Lubavitch, and only parts of copies of the draft survived. Kehot Publication Society (2002) has recently issued a Bilingual Edition; in this work notations appear when Rabbi Shneur Zalman's rulings are at variance with those in Yosef Karo's Shulchan Aruch. [edit] References[edit] External links
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