Senate of the Republic of Poland
Type
Type	Upper house
Leadership
Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland	Bogdan Borusewicz
Structure
Members	100 senators
Meeting place
Website
http://www.senat.gov.pl

The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish parliament. It consists of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate (Marszałek Senatu).

Contents 1 History 2 The Senate of the Republic of Poland today 3 Marshals of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (after 1922) 4 2007 election 5 Polish Senators (2001-2005 term) 5.1 Former senators 6 See also 7 External links

[edit] History

The Senate can be traced back to a council of royal advisors. In the Nobles' Democracy, the Senate was a Privy council rather than an upper chamber of the Sejm, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, together with voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), and Catholic bishops (see Senatorial offices for details).

In the Second Polish Republic, senators were elected by universal ballot. After a referendum organized in 1946 by the Communist regime, the Senate was abolished in the post-Second World War People's Republic of Poland. It was only re-established after the agreement struck between the Communists and Solidarity in 1989.

[edit] The Senate of the Republic of Poland today

Republic of Poland

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Poland

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The term of office of a senator is four years. The Senate may reject or amend the bills passed by the Sejm but any rejection or amendment may still be overruled by an absolute majority vote in the Sejm. A joint session of the Senate and the Sejm is known as a National Assembly. Traditionally, the Senate takes particular care of Polonia, Polish communities outside Poland.

Senators are elected by a plurality bloc voting method (rare internationally, but often used in U.S. local elections), where two or more candidates with the highest support are elected from each electorate, and each voter selects as many candidates as there are seats (ie, there is no proportional representation). The exact number of senators from each electorate is dependent on its population and varies from two to four.

[edit] Marshals of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (after 1922)

• Wojciech Trąmpczyński November 28, 1922 - March 26, 1928
• Julian Szymański (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) March 27, 1928 - December 8, 1930
• Władysław Raczkiewicz (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) December 9, 1930 - October 3, 1935
• Aleksander Prystor (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) October 4, 1935 - November 27, 1938
• Bogusław Medziński (Camp of National Unity November 28, 1938 - November 2, 1939

• Andrzej Stelmachowski (Citizens' Parliamentary Caucus) November 22, 1989 - 1991
• August Chelkowski (Solidarity) November 26, 1991 - October 15, 1993
• Adam Struzik (Polish Peasant Party) October 26, 1993 - October 19, 1997
• Alicja Grzeskowiak (Solidarity Electoral Action) October 21, 1997 - October 18, 2001
• Longin Pastusiak (Democratic Left Alliance) October 20, 2001 - October 18, 2005
• Bogdan Borusewicz October 20, 2005 - November 4, 2007
• Bogdan Borusewicz November 5, 2007 - Present

[edit] 2007 election

e • d Summary of the 21 October 2007 Polish National Assembly election results

Parties		Sejm				Senat
		Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska, PO)	6,701,010	41.51	209	+76	60	+26
	Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS)	5,183,477	32.11	166	+11	39	–10
	Left and Democrats (Lewica i Demokraci, LiD)	2,122,981	13.15	53	–2[1]	—	—
	Polish People's Party (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, PSL)	1,437,638	8.91	31	+6	—	–2
	Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (Samoobrona RP, SRP)	247,335	1.53	—	–56	—	–3
	League of Polish Families (Liga Polskich Rodzin, LPR)	209,171	1.30	—	–34	—	–7
	Polish Labor Party (Polska Partia Pracy, PPP)	160,476	0.99	—	—	—	—
	Women's Party (Partia Kobiet, PK)[2]	45,121	0.28	—	—	—	—
	German Minority (Mniejszość Niemiecka, MN)[3]	32,462	0.20	1	–1	—	—
	Patriotic Self-Defense (Samoobrona Patriotyczna)[4]	2,531	0.02	—	—	—	—
	Independents (Niezależni)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1	–4
	Total	16,142,202		460		100
Registered voters: 30,615,471 Votes counted: 16,477,734 (53.88 %) Invalid votes: 335,532 Valid votes: 16,142,202
^ Compared to the result of Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) in 2005. ^  Contested the election in seven districts only. ^  Contested the election in one district only. ^  Contested the election in one district only.

v • d • e Marshals of the Senate of Poland Republic of Poland (1918–1939) Wojciech Trąmpczyński · Julian Szymański · Władysław Raczkiewicz · Aleksander Prystor · Bogusław Miedziński Republic of Poland (1989–present) Andrzej Stelmachowski · August Chełkowski · Adam Struzik · Alicja Grześkowiak · Longin Pastusiak · Bogdan Borusewicz

[edit] Polish Senators (2001-2005 term)

1. Jerzy Adamski
2. Andrzej Anulewicz
3. Franciszek Bachleda-Księdzularz
4. Marek Balicki
5. Janusz Lucjan Bargieł
6. Tadeusz Bartos
7. Maria Berny
8. Adam Biela
9. Janusz Stefan Bielawski
10. January Bronisław Bień
11. Franciszek Bogdan Bobrowski
12. Krystyna Maria Bochenek (since September 2004)
13. Krzysztof Wawrzyniec Borkowski
14. Władysław Bułka
15. Czesława Christowa
16. Andrzej Chronowski
17. Zygmunt Alojzy Cybulski
18. Gerard Czaja
19. Jolanta Ryszarda Danielak
20. Krystyna Doktorowicz
21. Kazimierz Drożdż
22. Bernard Drzęźla
23. Henryk Dzido
24. Józef Dziemdziela
25. Genowefa Maria Ferenc
26. Witold Feliks Gładkowski
27. Zbigniew Gołąbek
28. Stanisław Huskowski (since April 2004)
29. Sławomir Izdebski
30. Andrzej Jaeschke
31. Zdzisława Janowska
32. Zdzisław Jarmużek
33. Ryszard Jarzembowski
34. Kazimierz Jaworski (since 29 September 2004)
35. Krzysztof Jurgiel (since 22 October 2003)
36. Dorota Maria Kempka
37. Kazimierz Kleina
38. Apolonia Klepacz
39. Janusz Konieczny
40. Aleksandra Koszada
41. Marian Kozłowski
42. Zbigniew Kruszewski
43. Olga Teresa Krzyżanowska
44. Zbigniew Jerzy Kulak
45. Anna Maria Kurska
46. Irena Kurzępa
47. Kazimierz Kutz
48. Grzegorz Lato
49. Marian Piotr Lewicki
50. Grzegorz Marek Lipowski
51. Teresa Liszcz
52. Bogusław Litwiniec
53. Janusz Józef Lorenz
54. Mirosław Lubiński (since 7 May 2003)
55. Włodzimierz Łęcki
56. Władysław Mańkut
57. Jerzy Markowski
58. Ryszard Matusiak (since 28 July 2004)
59. Grzegorz Jan Matuszak
60. Bogusław Mąsior
61. Mieczysław Mietła
62. Stanisław Nicieja
63. Grzegorz Andrzej Niski
64. Longin Hieronim Pastusiak
65. Kazimierz Pawełek
66. Wojciech Jerzy Pawłowski
67. Jerzy Pieniążek
68. Krzysztof Marek Piesiewicz
69. Wiesław Michał Pietrzak
70. Zbyszko Piwoński
71. Sergiusz Plewa
72. Bogdan Leszek Podgórski
73. Lesław Paweł Podkański
74. Jolanta Popiołek
75. Zbigniew Religa
76. Zbigniew Romaszewski
77. Tadeusz Rzemykowski
78. Wiesława Regina Sadowska
79. Janina Sagatowska
80. Wojciech Paweł Saługa (since 29 September 2004)
81. Ewa Aleksandra Serocka
82. Krystyna Helena Sienkiewicz
83. Dorota Simonides
84. Zofia Maria Skrzypek-Mrowiec (since29 September 2004)
85. Ryszard Józef Sławiński
86. Robert Maciej Smoktunowicz
87. Jerzy Kazimierz Smorawiński
88. Andrzej Kazimierz Spychalski
89. Henryk Tadeusz Stokłosa
90. Alicja Stradomska
91. Jerzy Zdzisław Suchański
92. Jan Szafraniec
93. Józef Sztorc
94. Krzysztof Szydłowski
95. Maria Szyszkowska
96. Andrzej Jan Wielowieyski
97. Edmund Kazimierz Wittbrodt
98. Tadeusz Wnuk
99. Zbigniew Stanisław Zychowicz
100. Marian Żenkiewicz

[edit] Former senators

1. Jerzy Edmund Cieślak (died 25.04.2004 r.)
2. Henryk Gołębiewski (till 31 January 2003)
3. Genowefa Grabowska - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
4. Adam Graczyński (died 26.08.2004)
5. Adam Gierek - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
6. Adam Jamróz (till 10 July 2003)
7. Mieczysław Janowski - elected MEP on 13.06.2004 r.
8. Jan Józef Lipski (died 10. 09. 1991)
9. Marian Noga (till 14 January 2004 )
10. Grażyna Ewa Staniszewska - elected MEP on 13.06.2004

[edit] See also

• Sejm
• Politics of Poland
• Senate
• Electoral districts of Poland (1935 - 1939)

[edit] External links

• Official website

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