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 Samedan is a town and municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
[edit] HistorySamedan is first mentioned in 1139 as Samaden. In 1334 it was mentioned as Semeden, in 1367 as Semaden, in 1498 as Sumada and in 1527 as Sameden.[1] [edit] Geography Samedan has an area, as of 2006[update], of 114 square kilometers (44.0 sq mi). Of this area, 16.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 9.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.9% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (72.9%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[2] The municipality is located in the Oberengadin sub-district of the Maloja district in the central Oberengadin valley along the Inn river. It consists of the village of Samedan and the hamlet of Punt Muragl, the upper section of the Val Bever as well as an exclave that includes nearly the entire Rosegtal. Until 1943 Samedan was known as Samaden.[3] [edit] Demographics Samedan has a population (as of 2008[update]) of 2,897, of which 22.0% are foreign nationals.[4] Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 4.1%.[2] The age distribution, as of 2000[update], in Samedan is; 267 children or 8.7% of the population are between 0 to 9 years old. 155 teenagers or 5.1% are 10 to 14, and 281 teenagers or 9.2% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 460 people or 15.0% of the population are between 20 to 29 years old. 541 people or 17.6% are 30 to 39, 462 people or 15.1% are 40 to 49, and 385 people or 12.5% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 209 people or 6.8% of the population are between 60 to 69 years old, 189 people or 6.2% are 70 to 79, there are 103 people or 3.4% who are 80 to 89, and there are 17 people or 0.6% who are 90 to 99.[4] In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 30.6% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (28.7%), the FDP (28.2%) and the CVP (10.4%).[2] The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Samedan about 75.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a Fachhochschule).[2] Samedan has an unemployment rate of 1%. As of 2005[update], there were 35 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 13 businesses involved in this sector. 554 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 37 businesses in this sector. 1,891 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 194 businesses in this sector.[2] The historical population is given in the following table:[1]
[edit] LanguagesMost of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (61.5%), with Romansh being second most common (16.7%) and Italian being third (14.9%).[2] Originally, the entire population spoke the Upper-Engadin Romansh dialect of Puter. Due to increasing trade with the outside world, Romansh usage began to decline in the 19th Century. In 1880 only 47% spoke Romansh as a first language, while in 1910 it was 45% and in 1941 it was 42%. The Romansh speaking percentage dropped until in 1970 only 31% spoke it as their first language. In the 1980's Romansh speakers increased slightly, but since then the proportion has decreased. However, in 2000 there were 42% who understood Romansh even if it wasn't their first language.
[edit] Transportation It is the administrative center of the upper Engadin region, and services include a regional hospital (Spital Oberengadin), a major RhB railway station with regular trains towards Pontresina, Chur and St. Moritz, and a regional airport (Samedan Airport). Both the Bernina Express and Glacier Express trains pass Samedan. [edit] Heritage sites of national significanceThe Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart and the Library of Fundaziun de Planta are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance.[5] [edit] WeatherSamedan has an average of 95.5 days of rain per year and on average receives 700 mm (27.6 in) of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Samedan receives an average of 99 mm (3.9 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 11.5 days. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 25 mm (1 in) of precipitation over 11.5 days.[6]
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