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 Salzburg is a state or Land of Austria with an area of 7,154 km2, located adjacent to the German border. With 529,085 inhabitants it is one of the country's smaller states in terms of population. The capital city is also named Salzburg. [edit] Geographic locationThe Salzburger Land (the Austrian state of Salzburg) — with its primary river, the Salzach — lies between Upper Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Tyrol and Bavaria (Germany). Running through the south are the main ranges of the Central Alps (incl. the Hohe Tauern mountains) with numerous 3,000m peaks. The Dachstein Massif and the Berchtesgaden Alps border the Salzburger Lajnd to the east and north. [edit] HistorySalt has played an important role in the region's development; Salzburg means "salt castle". [edit] Salzburg as an independent countryIndependence from Bavaria was secured in the late 14th century. The Archbishopric of Salzburg was an independent prince-bishopric within the Holy Roman Empire until German Mediatisation in 1803. [edit] Electorate of SalzburgThe territory was secularized and, as the Electorate of Salzburg, given as compensation to Ferdinand III, former Grand Duke of Tuscany, the brother of Emperor Francis II. [edit] The end of the independenceFollowing the Austrian defeat at Austerlitz in 1805, Salzburg was annexed by Austria as compensation for the loss of Tyrol to the Kingdom of Bavaria, and Ferdinand was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg. [edit] Bavarian SalzburgAfter Austria's defeat in 1809, the province was handed over to Bavaria in 1810. [edit] The country divided between Bavaria and AustriaIn 1816, following the defeat of Napoleon and the provision of adequate compensation to Bavaria at the Congress of Vienna, it was returned to Austria with the exception of the north-western 'Rupertigau' which remained Bavarian. The Salzburger Land was administered as the department of Salzach from Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. In 1849 the Duchy of Salzburg was established as a crownland of the Austrian Empire and, after 1866, Austria-Hungary. [edit] World War IIn World War I Salzburg participated like the other parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 49,000 salzburgers were called in arms, and 6,000 died.[1] [edit] German Republic of Austria and The Republic of AustriaIn 1918 after World War I, the Duchy of Salzburg was dissolved and replaced with the state of Salzburg, first part of German Austria, (however in November's Plebiscite a 99% of Salzburgers voted in favor of the union with Germany) and then the First Republic of Austria which was mandated by the Allied powers. [edit] Salzburg in GermanyAfter the plebiscite of 1938, Salzburg and all the territory of Austria decided to belong to the German Reich. [edit] American controlAfter the defeat of Germany in 1945, the Allies occuped the territory of Austria, being recognised as an independent territory under their rule. Salzburgerland was occupied and ruled by the USA. [edit] Salzburg as an Austrian StateIn 1955 Austria was declared independent of the Allies and Salzburg was one of the States of the Republik Österreich. [edit] PoliticsSalzburgerland has its own constitution since 1999, and the government is formed through a Majority system. The election are every five years. The last results, in March 2009 (compared to 2004) were:
Simon Illner (ÖVP) is the President of the Salzburger Parliament and Gabi Burgstaller (SPÖ) is the president of the Salzburgerland. [edit] Areas of the State President
[edit] The government[edit] Deputy-President Wilfried Haslauer (ÖVP)
[edit] Deputy-President David Brenner (SPÖ)
[edit] Other members of the government
[edit] European resultsIn the most recent elections for the European Parliament, in June 2009, these were the results from the state of Salzburg:
[edit] ArchitectureThe Salzburg Cathedral was the first Baroque building in the German-speaking artistic world. Two other important buildings initiated by the Salzburg archbishops were Hohenwerfen Castle and Hohensalzburg Fortress. The first Archbishop of Salzburg was Arno of Salzburg (785-821), in whose honor the world-famous hiking circuit — the Arnoweg — is named. The predominant stylistic elements of Salzburg architecture have their origins in the Baroque and the Rococo periods. Salzburg's historic "Old Town" was named by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. [edit] LanguageAustrian German is the local written language, and it can be heard, especially in the cities. Austro-Bavarian is also spoken, especially in the rural areas and the common language of the Land Salzburg. [edit] Visitors' attractions
[edit] Sports
[edit] Ski resortsFlachau, Wagrain, St. Johann, Zell am See, Obertauern, Bad Gastein, Rauris, Lofer [edit] Assorted Statistics
[edit] Administrative divisions[edit] DistrictsSalzburg comprises five districts, known as Bezirke or vernacularly Gaue:
The city of Salzburg is its own administrative district. [edit] Cities and Towns (listed alphabetically)
[edit] See also[edit] External links
[edit] References
Coordinates: 47°49′57″N 13°05′10″E / 47.83250°N 13.08610°E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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