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Rueil-Malmaison

Château de Malmaison
	Commune of Rueil-Malmaison; ; Château de Malmaison
	Location
	Paris and inner ring départements
Coordinates	48°52′39″N 2°10′45″E / 48.8775°N 2.17917°E
Administration
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Hauts-de-Seine
Arrondissement	Nanterre
Mayor	Patrick Ollier
Statistics
Land area1	14.7 km2 (5.7 sq mi)
Population2	77,800 (2005 )
- Density	5,293 /km2 (13,710 /sq mi)
	Miscellaneous
Postal code	92500
	1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
	2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Coordinates: 48°52′39″N 2°10′45″E / 48.8775°N 2.17917°E / 48.8775; 2.17917

Office building in the new business district of Rueil-sur-Seine, near Rueil-Malmaison's historical center.

Rueil-Malmaison (French pronunciation: [ʀɥœj malmɛzɔ̃] or [ʀɥɛj malmɛzɔ̃]) is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department of France. It is located 12.6 km (7.8 mi). from the center of Paris.

[edit] Name

Rueil-Malmaison was originally called simply Rueil. In medieval times the name Rueil was spelled either Roialum, Riogilum, Rotoialum, Ruolium, or Ruellium. This name is made of the Celtic word ialo (meaning "clearing, glade", "place of") suffixed to a radical meaning "brook, stream" (Latin rivus, Old French rû), or maybe to a radical meaning "ford" (Celtic ritu).

In 1928, the name of the commune officially became Rueil-Malmaison in reference to its most famous tourist attraction, the Château de Malmaison, home of Napoléon's first wife Joséphine de Beauharnais.

The name Malmaison comes from Medieval Latin mala mansio, meaning "ill-fated domain", "estate of ill luck". In the Early Middle Ages Malmaison was the site of a royal residence which was destroyed by the Vikings in 846.

[edit] History

Rueil is famous for the Château de Malmaison where Napoleon and his first wife Joséphine de Beauharnais lived. Upon her death in 1814, she was buried at the nearby Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul church, which stands at the centre of the city.

The Rueil barracks of the Swiss Guard were constructed in 1756 under Louis XV by the architect Axel Guillaumot, and have been classifed Monument historique since 1973. The Guard was formed by Louis XIII in 1616 and massacred at the Tuileries on 10 August 1792 during the French Revolution.

During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, Rueil was located on the front line.

At the end of the 19th century, renowned Impressionist painters like Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Edouard Manet and Claude Monet came to paint the Seine River which crosses the town.

Rueil is (despite the title) the principal location of the novel Loin de Rueil by the French novelist Raymond Queneau, 1903 - 1976.

[edit] Demographics

[edit] Immigration

Place of birth of residents of Rueil-Malmaison in 1999
Born in Metropolitan France	Born outside Metropolitan France
86.3%	13.7%
	Born in Overseas France	Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth¹	EU-15 immigrants²	Non-EU-15 immigrants
	1.0%	3.3%	3.7%	5.7%

¹This group is made up largely of pieds-noirs from Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), and to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. Note that a foreign country is understood as a country not part of France as of 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics.
² An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. Note that an immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.

[edit] Economy

The main campus of the French Institute of Petroleum research organisation is in Rueil. The city has also become home to many large companies moving out of La Défense business district, located only 5 km (3.1 mi). (3 miles) from Rueil, a trend first established by the move of Esso headquarters to Rueil.

There are about 850 service sector companies located in Rueil, 70 of which employ more than 100 people. A business district called Rueil-sur-Seine (previously known as "Rueil 2000") was created near the RER A Rueil-Malmaison station to accommodate these companies. The business district is equipped with a fiber-optic network.

Several major French companies have their world headquarters in Rueil-Malmaison, such as Schneider Electric and VINCI. Several large international companies have also located their French headquarters in Rueil-Malmaison, such as ExxonMobil,AstraZeneca and Unilever.

[edit] Transport

Rueil-Malmaison is served by Rueil-Malmaison station on Paris RER line A.

[edit] Landmarks

The Château de Malmaison, the residence of Napoléon's first wife Joséphine de Beauharnais, is located in Rueil-Malmaison, and open to the public who may visit this Napoleonic musée national, on regular guided tours.