Rousseau commonly refers to 18th-century French author and philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and it may also refer to:

• Rousseau (surname), notable persons with the surname Rousseau
• Rousseau (electoral district), a provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada
• An alternative name for French wine made from the grape Chardonnay
• Rousseau Institute, a private school, named for Jean-Jacques Rousseau, in Geneva, Switzerland
• Lake Rousseau, a lake in Florida, US
• Rousseau Metal inc., a company operating in metal stamping and sheet metal transformation

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