The Rosenberg self-esteem scale, developed by Morris Rosenberg, is a widely-used self-esteem measure in social science research.

The scale is a ten-item Likert scale with items answered on a four-point scale — from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high school juniors and seniors from 10 randomly selected schools in New York State.

The scale:

1. On the whole I am satisfied with myself.
2. At times I think that I am no good at all.
3. I feel that I have a number of good qualities.
4. I am able to do things as well as most other people.
5. I feel I do not have much to be proud of.
6. I certainly feel useless at times.
7. I feel that I am a person of worth, at least the equal of others.
8. I wish I could have more respect for myself.
9. All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.
10. I take a positive attitude toward myself.

The scale can also be modified to measure state self-esteem by asking the respondents to reflect on their current feelings.

[edit] References

• Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

RSE translates into 28 languages, across 53 nations.

[edit] External links

• Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale

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