Rhoemetalces II was client ruler in association with his mother Tryphaena of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace under the Romans from 18 to 38. On coinage his royal title is ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ ΡΟΙΜΗΤΑΛΚΑΣ or King Rhoemetalces

Rhoemetalces II and Tryphaena succeeded his relative Rhescuporis II, who had usurped the throne from Rhoemetalces' father Cotys VIII. The Roman emperor Tiberius deposed Rhescuporis and installed Rhoemetalces and Tryphaena on the throne in his place. They served as loyal client rulers, even in 26 putting down Thracian malcontents for Tiberius.

Rhoemetalces never married and had no children. After his death in 38, his cousin Rhoemetalces III, the son of Rhescuporis II, was appointed king, while his mother retired to live as a private citizen in Cyzicus.

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