The phrase Red-Green-Brown alliance originated in France. It is a shorthand description for the supposed alliance of "communism's fellow travelers, the populist green movement, and the ultra-nationalists."^[1]

Increasingly, the green color refers to Islamist fascism instead of the green movement.

It has evolved to refer more broadly to the perceived antisemitic and/or anti-American views shared by disparate groups and movements worldwide.

Contents 1 Origins and coinage (2002) 2 Popularization and spread (2003) 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Origins and coinage (2002)

This expression was coined by conservative French essayist Alexandre del Valle, who wrote of "une alliance idéologique ... rouge-brun-vert" in an April 22 2002 article in French newspaper Le Figaro^[2], and also "Rouges-Bruns-Verts, l'étrange alliance", in a January 2004 article in the french magazine Politique Internationale ^[3]. He has more recently used the French phrase "l'axe rouge-vert-brun" in a sense similar to the English usage (see below), with green mainly referring to Islamists, rather than anti-globalists.

Alexandre Del Valle's conceptual rendering of Islamist ideological trends appears to be based at least partially on even earlier writings in which del Valle himself had charged the United States and western Europe with favouring the "war machine" of "armed Islamism" via its Reagan- era funding of the mujahadeen in Afghanistan.^[4] and helping the worse future ennemies of the West. After that, Alexandre del Valle published many articles on the red-brown-green Axis against the West ^[5] and he is publishing in France (Les Syrtes editor) and Italy (Lindau editor) an essay entitled The Reds Browns Greens, the anti-western alliance of extremists (Rossi Bruni Verdi: l'alleanza degli estremi/Rouges Bruns Verts, l'alliance anti-occidentale des extrêmes").

The essay, based on a PHD research and on many articles, describes the new anti-western and anti-American totalitarian Axis composed by Islamists, nostalgics of Communism and Nazism, Negationists and radical No Globals and new Third worldists. In fact, after September the 11th, Del Valle seems to have became a strong supporter of USA^[6], and he deplores the fact that many anti-westerners tried to justify Al Qaïda's violence by reminding the strange alliance that linked USA and Radical Islam during the Cold War. According to Del Valle, the new post cold war hatred against the West and USA does not come from the "mistakes" of USa and Europe, as pretext No Globals, Far Left and radical ismamists, but from western weakness and feeling guilty.

[edit] Popularization and spread (2003)

The later popularity of the "red-green-brown" theory (and its various permutations) derives mainly from a speech given by Roger Cukierman, president of the French Jewish organization CRIF, to a CRIF banquet on January 25 2003, and given wide circulation by a January 27/28 2003 article in the French newspaper Le Monde.

Cukierman used the French term "alliance brun-vert-rouge" to describe the antisemitic alignment supposedly shared by "an extreme right nostalgic for racial hierarchies" (symbolized by the color brown), "an extreme left [which is] anti-globalist, anti-capitalist, anti-American [and] anti-Zionist" (red), and followers of José Bové (green).

In English translation, the phrase "Red-Green-Brown alliance" achieved some minor usage in 2003 among warbloggers and Usenet posters who used it to refer to a perceived convergence in political positions or rhetoric between leftist radicals, Islamists, and the extreme right, so that "green" is generally given a different interpretation than in the original French.

This re-interpretation of the phrase was bolstered by a February 2003 message allegedly from Osama bin Laden, which said "It does not hurt that in the current circumstances, the interests of Muslims coincide with the interests of the socialists in the war against crusaders, taking into account our belief and declaration of the apostasy of the socialists. The socialists and these rulers have lost their credibility of their rule a long time ago and the socialists are infidels wherever they are - whether in Baghdad or Aden [Yemen]". ^[7]

[edit] See also

• Anti-Americanism
• Anti-globalization and Anti-Semitism
• Allegation of antisemitism within the European anti-war movement (section of Post-September 11 anti-war movement).
• New anti-Semitism
• Arab Anti-Semitism
• Islam and anti-Semitism
• Islamization

France:

• The Greens (France)
• Ni Putes Ni Soumises
• Feminism in France
• History of the Left in France

UK:

• Respect – The Unity Coalition
• Euston Manifesto

Denmark:

• Red-Green Alliance (Denmark)

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Alexandre del Valle main article and criticism on Red Brown Green Alliance against the West
• Spring 2000 article "The Wacky World of French Intellectuals" by Laurent Murawiec, Middle East Quarterly
• Mark Strauss in Foreign Policy Magazine, (Nov. 12/03): Antiglobalism's Jewish Problem. Discusses an observed coalescence of far-left, far-right and Islamist agendas and organizations.
• "The Barriers come down: Antisemitism and the Coalitions of Extremes" by Dave Rich - a nuanced examination of common Antisemitic motifs and conspiracy theories used by the far-left, Islamists, and far-right.