REALbasic

The REALbasic IDE running on Windows Vista
Developer(s)	REAL Software, Inc.
Stable release	2009 Release 4 / 2009-9-29; 58 days ago
Operating system	Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, Linux
Type	Programming
License	Proprietary
Website	http://www.realsoftware.com

REALbasic (RB) is an object-oriented dialect of the BASIC programming language developed and commercially marketed by REAL Software, Inc of Austin, Texas for Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, and 32-bit x86 Linux.

[edit] History

REALbasic was created by Andrew Barry. It was originally called CrossBasic due to its ability to compile the same programming code for Mac OS and Java (although the integrated development environment was Mac only). In 1997 CrossBasic was purchased by FYI Software which renamed it REALbasic as well as renaming the company REAL Software. At this time they dropped the Java target, later replacing it with a Windows target and database support. The IDE is now available for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and 32-bit x86 Linux and can compile applications for Windows (Windows 2000 and higher), Mac OS X (PowerPC, Intel, and Universal Binary) and 32-bit x86 Linux.

[edit] Language features

Although REALbasic (RB) uses the word "basic" in its description as a variant of the BASIC programming language, RB is not compliant with the ANSI Standard for the BASIC programming language. For example, the ANSI Standard source code of simple demo programs in TrueBASIC will not compile in RB without a complete rewrite. RB also does not support the standard matrix math operations "MAT" that make ANSI BASIC a helpful tool for the teaching of introductory programming concepts.

RB is a strongly typed language with minimal automatic type conversion, which supports single inheritance and interfaces, class methods and class properties, automatic memory management via reference counting, and operator overloading. A very important feature is the ability to extend (not just inherit from) existing classes, like Objective-C Categories. This considerably reduces the need for the Abstract Factory Pattern, which complicates using Application Frameworks in Java and C++. REALbasic also includes delegates, introspection, and namespace support, which allows modules to contain classes, interfaces and other modules.

[edit] Framework features

As described in the language reference, its built-in framework supports (REAL Software 2008):

• dictionaries,
• declarations to external libraries (dll, dylib)
• Visual Basic datatypes compatibility,
• full Unicode support,
• regular expressions,
• application programming interface calls to compiled C libraries on all supported platforms,
• ActiveX and basic OLE support (on Windows); COM objects are not fully supported,
• Notification icons (on Windows),
• Windows registry (on Windows),
• cooperative threads,
• scripting language embedded in REALbasic programs through RBScript,
• XML parsing and generation,
• console and service application support (Professional edition only)
• Apple events (on Mac),
• Address book (on Mac),
• Keychain (on Mac),
• Spotlight (on Mac),
• QuickTime (on Mac and Windows),
• sound,
• real-time 3D graphics,
• serial communications,
• sockets (both TCP, UDP and Inter-process_communication),
• SSL (Professional edition only),
• HTTP, POP3, SMTP and SOAP

The framework functionality can also be extended by creating plugins using the Plugin SDK provided by REAL Software. Plugins are created using C/C++ with a variety of supported compilers, including Xcode, Microsoft Visual Studio and gcc. Plugins can support any platform REALbasic supports, but are not required to support all platforms.

[edit] File format

The source file format contains window and control placement data and is proprietary, although XML import and export are supported. All source code can be contained in one project file, but it is also possible to have classes/modules in separate files in the same way as most other languages or dialects can. REALbasic compiles directly to machine language for each platform that it supports. REALbasic 2006 Release 3 and newer also supports a human-readable version control format which allows easy collaboration with tools such as Subversion or CVS.

[edit] Current editions of IDE

A typical GUI building session in REALbasic's IDE

There are three versions of the IDE:

• REAL Studio has all features of the Professional edition plus other features for full-time programmers.
• The professional edition can compile programs for Mac OS X (PowerPC Carbon Mach-O, i386 Carbon Mach-O and Universal Binary), Linux and Windows from the same source code file; it can also access databases (REAL Server,MySQL,Oracle, PostgreSQL, ODBC, etc.) including the built-in single-user REAL SQL Database engine based on SQLite; it compiles console applications, has a code profiler, can remote debug and has numerous other features.
• The personal edition only compiles programs for the platform that the IDE is running on (either Windows, Linux or Mac), and does not allow access to databases other than the built-in REAL SQL Database.

[edit] IDE features

Both versions of the IDE permit building the application's graphical user interface by dragging the controls from a toolbar to their parent window. Layout of the controls is helped by the IDE, which permits aligning them (both horizontally and vertically) and which gives information about the distance between controls or between a control and the window borders.

Like many modern IDEs, the code editor supports customizable syntax highlighting, autocompletion and refactoring tools. The IDE also includes editors for menus and database schema and viewers for multimedia files such as pictures, movies or sounds.

The IDE gives the programmer access to scripting features via RBScript, which allows control of the IDE for automating tasks such as running regression tests or doing nightly builds. The scripts can be either global or project-specific.

REALbasic supports incremental compilation, whereby the compiler needs to recompile only those parts of a project which have been modified. For instance, if only the body of a method is modified, then only the project item containing that method need be recompiled.

[edit] Example code

This is an example of operator overloading for a hypothetical Complex class which permits to sum a real to a complex number, and to sum two complex numbers:

 Function Operator_Add (rhs As Single) As Complex   Dim ret As New Complex   ret.Real = Self.Real + rhs   ret.Imaginary = Self.Imaginary   Return ret End Function   Function Operator_Add (rhs As Complex) As Complex   Dim ret As New Complex   ret.Real = Self.Real + rhs.Real   ret.Imaginary = Self.Imaginary + rhs.Imaginary   Return ret End Function 

The same function can be defined to accept Double datatype values. This code shows how to use the Complex class to sum a real with a complex number:

  Dim First As New Complex (0, 1)  Dim Second As New Complex (1, 1)  Dim Sum As Complex  Sum = First + 5.0 + Second  // Sum will be (6, 2) 

[edit] See also

• RBScript - related scripting language

[edit] Comparable Basic Dialects

• Gambas - a free approach to object basic
• Visual Basic

[edit] Other Programming Languages

• Comparison of programming languages

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• REAL Software, Inc., makers of REALbasic
• REALbasic forums, Official REALbasic discussion forums
• Association of REALbasic Professionals, Empowering the REALbasic community
• Really Basic REALbasic, introducing programming and REALbasic to beginners
• RB Garage, an open repository listing plugins, classes, modules, code examples etc.
• REALbasic Developer Magazine, a bi-monthly magazine about REALbasic development
• RBLibrary, a commercial resource of third party articles and tutorials
• REALDev, a wiki-powered developer community and code repository
• RBDevZone, a community for professional REALbasic developers
• declareSub.com, code, articles, and a book on declares
• REALbasic Wiki, independent effort to extend REALbasic documentation
• REALbasic City, a great collection of REALbasic tutorials