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**Quantum organisation**
Universe	James Bond series
Type	Terrorist organization
Founded	Unknown
Location	Unknown
Key people	Dominic Greene; Mr. White; Le Chiffre
Purpose	Terrorism

Quantum is a fictional criminal organization, featured as the antagonists in the James Bond films Casino Royale and its sequels, though its name is not revealed until Quantum of Solace.^[1] The organization prefers to remain in the shadows, and is known to contract third parties to avoid implicating itself. It is connected to the highest circles of government and corporate power in the world; among its known leaders, two are major business magnates, one a well-connected environmental activist, and one a special adviser to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

[edit] Concept and creation

Quantum filled in for SMERSH from the Casino Royale novel, and subsequently became a sort of successor or revision to both SMERSH from the early novels and SPECTRE from the early years of the film series. Their name derives from the "Quantum of Solace" short story published in For Your Eyes Only, which was also used as the film's title to represent Bond's emotional turmoil.^[2]

[edit] Appearances

Main articles: Casino Royale (2006 film) and Quantum of Solace

In Casino Royale, Quantum is featured in the background but not named; it is represented only through its middleman, Mr. White. The film's main villain, Le Chiffre, is a private banker for international terrorists with connections to the organization. At the beginning of the movie, Mr. White introduces Le Chiffre to Steven Obanno, a feared leader in the Lord's Resistance Army, who entrusts him with his money. Le Chiffre then loses the money while playing the stock market; Mr. White hears of this and executes him towards the end of the movie, stating that "money's not as valuable to our organization as knowing who to trust." In reality, he executed Le Chiffre to allow Bond (the only person who knew the password to the money) to remain alive and for Vesper to steal it for him.

However, these events alert the American CIA and British Secret Intelligence Service to Quantum's existence. One of the organization's moles inside the British government, Vesper Lynd, falls in love with Bond and gives him information on Mr. White before killing herself. At the end of the movie, Bond tracks down and captures Mr. White. However, he quickly escapes at the beginning of the next movie with the help of a turned MI6 agent, after warning M that "the first thing you should know about us is that we have people everywhere."

Quantum of Solace features Bond chasing Dominic Greene, one of Quantum's top leaders. Greene plans to create a coup d'état in Bolivia, installing his associate General Medrano as the country's new dictator, in exchange for a seemingly barren piece of land on the Atacama desert, which will give Greene and Quantum complete control of the nation's water supply. The coup is thwarted just in time by Bond and Camille Montes of Bolivian Intelligence; Bond interrogates Greene and then abandons him in the middle of the desert: Greene was later found dead with 2 bullets in the back of his head, apparently killed by Quantum for his failure.

By the end of the movie, Bond and MI6 are aware of Quantum's name and finally have one of its members, Yusef Kabira in custody; however, Mr. White is still at large and the organization has not been dismantled. It is therefore possible that they will return in subsequent Bond films.

[edit] Known members and associates

Bond's major Quantum antagonists are bolded.

Dominic Greene - leader of Quantum's Tierra Project and a major player in the organization
- Edmund Slate - a freelance assassin hired by Greene to murder Camille Montes
- Elvis - Greene's main subordinate
Mr. White - middleman of Quantum
- Le Chiffre - major terrorist financier who works for Quantum until Mr. White executes him.
- Adolph Gettler - a Quantum operative with one darkened eyeglass lens sent to retrieve money coerced from Vesper Lynd; Mr. White's second-in-command
- Craig Mitchell - a deep cover Quantum operative who deceived both M and Bond
- "Tall Man" - Gettler's subordinate in Venice
Yusef Kabira - a Quantum operative who functions as a honeypot to deceive foreign intelligence agents (first Vesper Lynd, then Corrine)
Guy Haines - Quantum leader among those identified by Tanner using Bond's photos from the Tosca opera; private advisor to the Prime Minister
Gregor Karakov - Quantum leader among those identified by Tanner using Bond's photos from the Tosca opera; former minister, now owns most of the mines in Siberia
Moishe Soref - Quantum leader among those identified by Tanner using Bond's photos from the Tosca opera; former Mossad, now telecom giant
"Man with Gift Bag" - a Quantum member at the Tosca opera; Bond incapacitates him and uses his earpiece to spy on the organization's leadership

[edit] See also

[edit] References

^ "James Bond series takes a 'Quantum' leap". USA Today. 4 April 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2008-04-03-bond-quantum_N.htm. Retrieved 12 June 2008.
^ "New Bond film title is confirmed". BBC News Online. 24 January 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7206997.stm. Retrieved 24 January 2008.

[0] "James Bond series takes a 'Quantum' leap". USA Today. 4 April 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2008-04-03-bond-quantum_N.htm. Retrieved 12 June 2008.

[bbctitle-1] "New Bond film title is confirmed". BBC News Online. 24 January 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7206997.stm. Retrieved 24 January 2008.

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Contents

[edit] Concept and creation

[edit] Appearances

[edit] Known members and associates

[edit] See also

[edit] References