Pythodoris II or Pythodorida II was client ruler in association with her cousin Rhoemetalces III of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace under the Romans from 38 to 46, in succession to her mother Tryphaena and brother Rhoemetalces II. She was a daughter of Tryphaena and the former king Cotys VIII, and was named after her maternal grandparents and her paternal grandmother.

In 38, after the death of Rhoemetalces II, Tryphaena abdicated the throne at the request of the Roman emperor Caligula. Caligula put Rhoemetalces III on the Thracian throne Rhoemetalces III, the son of Rhescuporis II, who had murdered and usurped the throne of Pythodoris's father. Caligula and Tryphaena arranged for Pythodoris to marry Rhoemetalces III to repair past dynastic rifts. The plan did not succeed. Pythodoris II and Rhoemetalces III reigned together as client rulers of Thrace from 38 until 46, when the latter was murdered by insurgents or on the orders of his wife. The subsequent fate of Pythodoris II is unknown; she seems not to have any children with her cousin.

Pythodoris and Rhoemetalces were the last monarchs of Thrace; under the emperor Claudius, the kingdom was made a Roman province.

Pythodoris II Odrysian kingdom of Thrace Born: unknown Died: unknown
Preceded by Rhoemetalces II and Tryphaena	Co-ruler of Thrace with Rhoemetalces III 38 –46	Succeeded by none

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