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This article is about the current European Parliament Group and its predecessors dating back to 1953. For the europarty established in 1992, see the Party of European Socialists. "S&D" redirects here. For the Silver & Deming drill bit shank, see Drill bit shank#Straight shank.
The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (abbreviation S&D[1]) is the social-democratic political group of the European Parliament. It dates its ancestry via various names back to the beginning of the European Parliament in 1953. Until the 1999 European election it was the largest group in Parliament. Its current incarnation is the second-largest and was founded on 23 June 2009.[12]
[edit] HistoryThe Socialist Group was one of the first groups to be founded when it was created on 23 June 1953[3][13] in the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Parliament's predecessor. A bureau and secretariat was established in Luxembourg. The group continued through the creation of the appointed Parliament in 1958 and, when the Parliament became elected in 1979, it was the biggest group. In 1987 the Single European Act came into force and the group began co-operation with the EPP group to secure the majorities needed under the cooperation procedure.[14] That left-right coalition has dominated Parliament since then[15] and (with some exceptions[16]) the post of President of the Parliament has been split between the two groups ever since. Meanwhile, the national parties making up the group were also organising themselves on a European level outside the Parliament, with the parties creating the Confederation of Socialist Parties of the European Community in 1974.[5][4][17] The Confederation was succeeded by the Party of European Socialists, in 1992.[4][17] As a result, the group was renamed to the Group of the Party of European Socialists on 21 April 1993.[3] In 1999, the Parliament refused to approve the Santer Commission's handling of the EU budget. Allegations of corruption centred on two PES Commissioners,Édith Cresson and Manuel Marín. The group initially supported the Commission but later withdrew their support, forcing the Commission to resign.[18] In 2003 the group celebrated its 50th anniversary. In its first 50 years it had had 13 chairmen, among them two women. Celebrations were held in Brussels, under the slogan "proud of the past, confident of the future". It had become difficult to distinguish between PES (the group) and PES (the party). So the group was renamed again, this time to the Socialist Group in the European Parliament[7] on 20 July 2004[3] and was given a different logo, making it easier to distinguish the group from the party. In 2007, the group was the second largest group in Parliament, with MEPs from all but two member states, Latvia and Cyprus.[19] But the 2009 elections saw a reduction in PES MEPs. The group sought members from outside the party, and found them in the Italian Democratic Party.[20][21] The Democratic Party already had 14 MEPs in the group, but it also had 8 MEPs in ALDE. It was (and remains) a big tent centre-left party, strongly influenced by the ideas of social democracy and the Christian left, and had MEPs who were former Christian Democrats or had other political views.[22] So a new, less explicit, group name had to be found. The group was going to be named Alliance of Socialists and Democrats for Europe (ASDE) but this was too similar to ALDE.[23] The name Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats was suggested on 18 June by group president Martin Schulz[24] and it was renamed on 23 June 2009.[12] The English abbreviation was initially unclear, being variously reported as PASD[25] or S&D Group[26] or PASDE.[27][11] Dissatisfaction by Socialist MEPs towards the new name led Martin Schulz to admit that the name was still under consideration and that the group was to be referred to as the 'Socialists and Democrats' until a final title was chosen.[28] On 14 July 2009, the first day of the constitutive session of the 2009-2014 term, the full formal group name was Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament[1] and the abbreviation was S&D.[1] [edit] Presidents of the European ParliamentFor Presidents of the European Parliament from the group, see President of the European Parliament. [edit] OrganizationThe group is led by a President and a Bureau of Vice-Presidents. There is also a Treasurer and a Secretary General.[29] [edit] Presidents of the GroupPresidents of the Group include:[30]
[edit] Vice-PresidentsIncoming Vice-Presidents of the group are as follows[31]:
Previous Vice-Presidents of the group for the 2004-2009 term were as follows:
[edit] TreasurersCurrent/previous Treasurers of the group are as follows:
[edit] Secretaries GeneralCurrent/previous Secretaries General of the group are as follows:
[edit] MEPsMEPs from the following parties sit in the group:[32] [edit] References
[edit] External links
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