| 1. | Adam Johnston Fergusson Blair | under Macdonald | July 1, 1867 - December 29, 1867 |
| | vacant | under Macdonald | December 30, 1867 - January 29, 1869 |
| 2. | Joseph Howe | under Macdonald | January 30, 1869 - November 15, 1869 |
| 3. | Edward Kenny | under Macdonald | November 16, 1869 - June 20, 1870 |
| 4. | Charles Tupper | under Macdonald | June 21, 1870 - July 1, 1872 |
| 5. | John O'Connor | under Macdonald | July 2, 1872 - March 3, 1873 |
| 6. | Hugh McDonald (politician) | under Macdonald | June 14, 1873 - June 30, 1873 |
| 7. | Lucius Seth Huntington | under Mackenzie | January 20, 1874 - October 8, 1875 |
| 8. | Joseph Édouard Cauchon | under Mackenzie | December 7, 1875 - June 7, 1877 |
| 9. | Edward Blake | under Mackenzie | June 8, 1877 - January 17, 1878 |
| 10. | John O'Connor | under Macdonald | October 17, 1878 - January 15, 1880 |
| 11. | Louis François Rodrigue Masson | under Macdonald | January 16, 1880 - July 31, 1880 |
| 12. | Joseph-Alfred Mousseau | under Macdonald | November 8, 1880 - May 19, 1881 |
| 13. | Archibald Woodbury McLelan | under Macdonald | May 20, 1881 - July 9, 1882 |
| 14. | John A. Macdonald | as PM | October 17, 1883 - November 27, 1889 |
| 15. | Charles Carrol Colby | under Macdonald | November 28, 1889 - April 30, 1891 |
| 16. | John Abbott | as PM | June 16, 1891 - November 24, 1892 |
| 17. | William Bullock Ives | under Thompson | December 7, 1892 - December 12, 1894 |
| 18. | Mackenzie Bowell | as PM | December 21, 1894 - April 27, 1896 |
| 19. | Auguste Réal Angers | under Tupper | May 1, 1896 - July 8, 1896 |
| 20. | Wilfrid Laurier | as PM | July 13, 1896 - October 6, 1911 |
| 21. | Robert Laird Borden | as PM | October 10, 1911 - October 12, 1917 |
| 22. | Newton Wesley Rowell | under Borden | October 12, 1917 - July 10, 1920 |
| 23. | James Alexander Calder | under Meighen | July 10, 1920 - September 20, 1921 |
| 24. | Louis-Philippe Normand | under Meighen | October 4, 1921 - December 28, 1921 |
| 25. | William Lyon Mackenzie King | as PM | December 29, 1921 - June 28, 1926 |
| 26. | Arthur Meighen | as PM | June 29, 1926 - July 12, 1926 |
| | William Lyon Mackenzie King (2nd time) | as PM | September 25, 1926 - August 6, 1930 |
| 27. | Richard Bedford Bennett | as PM | August 7, 1930 - October 22, 1935 |
| | William Lyon Mackenzie King (3rd time) | as PM | October 23, 1935 - November 14, 1948 |
| 28. | Louis Saint-Laurent | as PM | November 15, 1948 - April 24, 1957 |
| 29. | Lionel Chevrier | under St-Laurent | April 25, 1957 - June 20, 1957 |
| | vacant | under Diefenbaker | June 21, 1957 - December 27, 1961 |
| 30. | Noël Dorion | under Diefenbaker | December 28, 1961 - July 5, 1962 |
| 31. | John George Diefenbaker | as PM | December 21, 1962 - April 22, 1963 |
| 32. | Maurice Lamontagne | under Pearson | April 22, 1963 - February 2, 1964 |
| 33. | George James McIlraith | under Pearson | February 3, 1964 - July 6, 1965 |
| 34. | Guy Favreau | under Pearson | July 7, 1965 - April 3, 1967 |
| 35. | Walter L. Gordon | under Pearson | April 4, 1967 - March 10, 1968 |
| * | Pierre Trudeau (Acting) | under Pearson | March 11, 1968 - April 20, 1968 |
| * | Pierre Trudeau (Acting) (cont'd) | as PM | April 20, 1968 - May 1, 1968 |
| * | Allan MacEachen (Acting) | under Trudeau | May 2, 1968 - July 5, 1968 |
| 36. | Donald Stovel Macdonald | under Trudeau | July 6, 1968 - September 23, 1970 |
| 37. | Allan MacEachen | under Trudeau | September 24, 1970 - August 7, 1974 |
| 38. | Mitchell Sharp | under Trudeau | August 8, 1974 - September 13, 1976 |
| | Allan MacEachen (2nd time) | under Trudeau | September 14, 1976 - June 3, 1979 |
| 39. | Walter David Baker | under Clark | June 4, 1979 - March 2, 1980 |
| 40. | Yvon Pinard | under Trudeau | March 3, 1980 - June 29, 1984 |
| 41. | André Ouellet | under Turner | June 30, 1984 - September 6, 1984 |
| 42. | Erik Nielsen | under Mulroney | September 7, 1984 - February 26, 1985 |
| 43. | Ramon John Hnatyshyn | under Mulroney | February 27, 1985 - June 29, 1986 |
| 44. | Don Mazankowski | under Mulroney | June 30, 1986 - April 20, 1991 |
| 45. | Joe Clark | under Mulroney | April 21, 1991 - June 24, 1993 |
| 46. | Pierre Blais | under Campbell | June 25, 1993 - November 3, 1993 |
| 47. | Marcel Massé | under Chrétien | November 4, 1993 - January 24, 1996 |
| 48. | Stéphane Dion | under Chrétien | January 25, 1996 - December 11, 2003 |
| 49. | Denis Coderre | under Martin | December 12, 2003 - July 19, 2004 |
| 50. | Lucienne Robillard | under Martin | July 20, 2004 - February 5, 2006 |
| 51. | Michael Chong | under Harper | February 6, 2006 - November 27, 2006 |
| 52. | Peter Van Loan | under Harper | November 27, 2006 - January 3, 2007 |
| 53. | Rona Ambrose | under Harper | January 4, 2007 - |