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Presidency of the Council of the European Union (commonly referred to as presidency of the European Union) is the responsibility for the functioning of the Council of the European Union which is rotated between European Union member states every six months. There is no single president but rather the task is undertaken by an entire national government, hence that state influences the direction of European Union policy during its term. Although it rotates every six months, since 2007 the current presidency has worked with the last and next one on a common political programme. Article 16(9) of the Treaty on European Union (as amended by the Treaty of Lisbon) provides:
[edit] FunctioningThe Presidency, which is sometimes informally called the EU Presidency, has as its primary responsibility to organise and chair all meetings of the Council. However, working out compromises capable of resolving difficulties is in practice also a primary responsibility. The post as President of the Council of the European Union is for each separate meeting held by the responsible government minister of the member state holding the Presidency. [edit] Trio presidenciesThe presidency in some regards is now being executed in a shared manner in order to cope with the rather short six month term of the presidency. Three successive presidents forming a "triple-shared presidency" work together over a 1.5 year period to accomplish a common agenda by the current president simply continuing the work of the previous "lead-president" after the end of his/her term. It should be noted that the legal structure has not officially been modified; rather, it is a de facto method of operation. However, the Final Act of the Intergovernmental Conference for the Treaty of Lisbon would formalise this procedure. This was set out in the Declaration on Article 16(9) of the Treaty on European Union concerning the European Council decision on the exercise of the Presidency of the Council. This process also allows new member states to hold the presidency sooner, and at the same time the triplets are arranged so that, in each of them, there are both new and old member states, with the assumption that the old member states will pass their experience to the co-presidency new-members. [edit] European CouncilSeparate from the Council of the European Union (or synonymously the Council of Ministers) there is the European Council, which meets at European summits at about four times per year. Article 10(2) of the Treaty on European Union provides:
The task of President of the European Council has been performed by the head of government or head of state of the member state holding the presidency of the Council of the European Union. This post is primarily responsible for preparing and chairing the meetings of the European Council, and has no executive powers. Under the Treaty of Lisbon (effective from 2010 onwards), these positions will be separated and the European Council will have a full-time president who will not hold any national office. [edit] List of rotations[edit] 1958 to 2006The Council of the European Union is presided over for a period of six months by each member state of the European Union in turn, in accordance with a pre-established rota unless the Council makes a new decision. 1 Germany was due to succeed Austria in 2006 but stepped aside as general elections were scheduled for that period. Finland, as next in line, took their place. In the event, the German elections took place in 2005 due to a loss of confidence vote, but the re-arrangement remained. [edit] 2007 onwards (Trio Presidencies)
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