Postnationalism describes the process or trend by which nation states and national identities lose their importance relative to supranational and global entities. Although postnationalism is not strictly the antonym of nationalism, the two terms and their associated assumptions are antithetic.

There are several factors that contribute to aspects of postnationalism, including economic, political, and cultural elements.

Increasing globalization of economic factors, such as the expansion of international trade with raw materials, manufactured goods, and services, and the importance of multinational corporations and internationalization of financial markets, have shifted emphasis from national economies to global ones. At the same time, political power is partially transferred from national authorities to supernational entities, such as the United Nations, the European Union, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), or NATO. In addition, media and entertainment industries are becoming increasingly global and facilitate the formation of trends and opinions on a supranational scale. Migration of individuals or groups between countries contributes to the formation of postnational identities and beliefs, even though attachment to citizenship and national identities often remains important.^[1][2][3]

Contents 1 In the European Union 2 In the media 3 In sports 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

[edit] In the European Union

The European integration has created a system of supranational entities and is often discussed in relationship to the concept of postnationalism.^[4][5][6]

[edit] In the media

Catherine Frost, professor of political science at McMaster University, argues that while the internet and online social relations forge social and political bonds across national borders, they do not have "the commitment or cohesiveness needed to underpin a demanding new mode of social and political relations".^[7]

[edit] In sports

Postnational trends have been evident in professional sports. Simon Kuper called the 2008 European soccer championship (UEFA Euro 2008) "the first postnational" European Championship.^[8] He argues that during the tournament both for players and fans sportmanship and enjoyment of the event were more important than national rivalries or even winning.

[edit] See also

• Transnationalism
• Types of nationalism

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Mohammed A. Bamyeh, Postnationalism, BRIIFS vol. 3 no 2 (Autumn/Winter 2001)

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