add site
services
publishers
database
health videos
toolbar
stats
live show
health store
more stuff
JOIN/LOGIN
| advertise add site services publishers database health videos
| | about toolbar stats live show health store more stuff JOIN/LOGIN |
Pilonidal Cyst pedisurg.com | Pilonidal Cyst crsal.org | Pilonidal Cyst colonrectal.org | Proctology.us - Pilonidal Cyst proctology.us |
A pilonidal cyst, also referred to as a pilonidal abscess, pilonidal sinus or sacrococcygeal fistula, is a cyst or abscess near or on the natal cleft of the buttocks that often contains hair and skin debris.[1][2]
[edit] EtymologyPilonidal means "nest of hair", and is derived from the Latin words for hair ("pilus") and nest ("nidus").[1] The term was used by Herbert Mayo as early as 1830.[3][4][5] R.M. Hodges was the first to use the phrase "pilonidal cyst" to describe the condition in 1880.[6][7] [edit] PresentationPilonidal cysts are quite painful, affect men more frequently than women, and typically occur between the ages of 15 and 24.[1] Although usually found near the coccyx, the condition can also affect the navel, armpit or penis,[8] though these locations are much more rare. Some people with a pilonidal cyst will be asymptomatic.[9] [edit] Pilonidal sinusA sinus tract, or small channel, may originate from the source of infection and open to the surface of the skin. Material from the cyst may drain through the pilonidal sinus. A pilonidal cyst is usually painful, but with draining, the patient might not feel pain. [edit] CausesOne proposed cause of pilonidal cysts is ingrown hair.[10] Excessive sitting is thought to predispose people to the condition because they increase pressure on the coccyx region. Trauma is not believed to cause a pilonidal cyst; however, such an event may result in inflammation of an existing cyst. However there are cases where this can occur months after a localized injury to the area. Some researchers have proposed that pilonidal cysts may be the result of a congenital pilonidal dimple.[11] Excessive sweating can also contribute to the cause of a pilonidal cyst. The condition was widespread in the United States Army during World War II. More than eighty thousand soldiers having the condition required hospitalization.[12] It was termed "Jeep riders' disease," because a large portion of people who were being hospitalized for it rode in jeeps, and prolonged rides in the bumpy vehicles were believed to have caused the condition due to irritation and pressure on the coccyx. [edit] TreatmentTreatment may include antibiotic therapy, hot compresses and application of depilatory creams. In more severe cases, the cyst may need to be lanced or surgically excised (along with pilonidal sinus tracts). Post-surgical wound packing may be necessary, and packing typically must be replaced twice daily for 4 to 8 weeks. In some cases, 1 year may be required for complete granulation to occur. Sometimes the cyst is resolved via surgical marsupialisation.[13] Surgeons can also excise the sinus and repair with a reconstructive flap technique, which is done under general anesthetic. This approach is mainly used for complicated or recurring pilonidal disease, leaves little scar tissue and flattens the region between the buttocks, reducing the risk of recurrence.[14] A novel and less destructive treatment is scraping the tract out and filling it with fibrin glue. This has the advantage of causing much less pain than traditional surgical treatments and allowing return to normal activities after 1-2 days in most cases.[15] Pilonidal cysts recur and do so more frequently if the surgical wound is sutured in the midline, as opposed to away from the midline, which obliterates the natal cleft and removes the focus of shearing stress. [edit] Differential diagnosisA pilonidal cyst can resemble a dermoid cyst, a kind of teratoma (germ cell tumor). In particular, a pilonidal cyst in the gluteal cleft can resemble a sacrococcygeal teratoma. Correct diagnosis is important because all teratomas require complete surgical excision, if possible without any spillage, and consultation with an oncologist. [edit] Famous sufferers[edit] References
[edit] External links
| |||||||||||||||||
| ↑ top of page ↑ | about thumbshots |
