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Perovskite
General
Category	Oxide mineral
Chemical formula	CaTiO3
Identification
Molar mass	135.96
Color	Black, Reddish brown, Pale yellow, Yellowish orange
Crystal habit	Pseudo cubic - crystals show a cubic outline
Crystal system	Orthorhombic (2/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: P nma
Twinning	complex penetration twins
Cleavage	[100] good, [010] good, [001] good
Fracture	Conchoidal
Mohs scale hardness	5 - 5.5
Luster	Adamantine to metallic; may be dull
Streak	grayish white
Diaphaneity	Transparent to opaque
Specific gravity	3.98–4.26
Optical properties	Biaxial (+)
Refractive index	a=2.3, b=2.34, g=2.38
Other characteristics	non-radioactive, non-magnetic
References

This article is about the mineral, for the crystal structure see perovskite structure

Perovskite, is a calcium titanium oxide mineral species composed of calcium titanate, with the chemical formula Ca Ti O₃.

The mineral was discovered in the Ural mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and is named after Russian mineralogist, L. A. Perovski (1792-1856).^[1]

It lends its name to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as CaTiO₃ (^XIIA²⁺^VIIB⁴⁺X^2-₃) known as the perovskite structure^[3].

[edit] Occurrence

Perovskite is found in contact carbonate skarns at Magnet Cove, Arkansas. It occurs in altered blocks of limestone ejected from Mount Vesuvius. It occurs in chlorite and talc schist in the Urals and Switzerland.^[4] It is also found as an accessory mineral in alkaline and mafic igneous rocks, nepheline syenite, melilitite, kimberlites and rare carbonatites. Perovskite is a common mineral in the Ca-Al-rich inclusions found in some chondritic meteorites.^[2]

A rare earth bearing variety, knopite, (Ca,Ce,Na)(Ti,Fe)O₃) is found in alkali intrusive rocks in the Kola Peninsula and near Alnö, Sweden. A niobium bearing variety, dysanalyte, occurs in contact metamorphosed limestone in Baden, Germany.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[4]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b http://webmineral.com/data/Perovskite.shtml Webmineral data
^ ^a ^b http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/perovskite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy
^ Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Bulakh, Andrei (May 2004). Minerals: Their Constitution and Origin. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521529587.
^ ^a ^b Palache, Charles, Harry Berman and Clifford Frondel, 1944, Dana's System of Mineralogy Vol. 1, Wiley, 7th ed. p. 733
^ Deer, Howie and Zussman, An Introduction to the Rock Forming Minerals Longman 1966, ISBN 0582442109
^ http://www.mindat.org/min-2228.html Mindat - knopite
^ http://www.mindat.org/min-11023.html Mindat - dysanalyte

[edit] See also

This article about a specific oxide mineral is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Webmin-0] ttp://webmineral.com/data/Perovskite.shtml Webmineral data

[Handbook-1] ttp://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/perovskite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy

[Min-2] Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Bulakh, Andrei (May 2004). Minerals: Their Constitution and Origin. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521529587.

[Dana-3] Palache, Charles, Harry Berman and Clifford Frondel, 1944, Dana's System of Mineralogy Vol. 1, Wiley, 7th ed. p. 733

[4] Deer, Howie and Zussman, An Introduction to the Rock Forming Minerals Longman 1966, ISBN 0582442109

[5] ttp://www.mindat.org/min-2228.html Mindat - knopite

[6] ttp://www.mindat.org/min-11023.html Mindat - dysanalyte

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