Partnership for Peace (PfP) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) program aimed at creating trust between NATO and other states in Europe and the former Soviet Union; 22 States are members.[1] It was first proposed as an American initiative at the meeting of NATO defense ministers in Travemünde, Germany, on 20–21 October 1993, and formally launched on 10-11 January 1994 NATO summit in Brussels, Belgium.[2] [edit] History Ten former member states, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) have subsequently joined NATO. On April 26, 1995 Malta became a member of PfP;[3] it left on October 27, 1996 in order to keep its security intact.[4] On March 20, 2008 Malta decided to reactivate their PfP membership;[5] this was accepted by NATO at the Summit in Bucharest on April 3, 2008.[6] During the NATO summit in Riga on November 29, 2006, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia were invited to join PfP[7] after which they joined PfP[8] on December 14, 2006.[9] [edit] Signatories  | Partnership for Peace members | Former members that joined NATO | [edit] Current members [edit] Former republics of the Soviet Union  Armenia (October 5, 1994)[8] Azerbaijan (May 4, 1994)[8] Belarus (January 11, 1995)[8] Georgia (March 23, 1994)[8] Kazakhstan (May 27, 1994)[8] Kyrgyzstan (June 1, 1994)[8] Moldova (March 16, 1994)[8] Russia (June 22, 1994)[8] Tajikistan (February 20, 2002)[8] Turkmenistan (May 10, 1994)[8] Ukraine (February 8, 1994)[8] Uzbekistan (July 13, 1994)[8] [edit] Former Yugoslavian states [edit] EU members  Austria (February 10, 1995)[8] Finland (May 9, 1994)[8] Ireland (December 1, 1999)[8] Malta (joined April 26, 1995;[3] withdrew on October 27, 1996.[4] Malta decided to reactivate their Partnership for Peace membership on March 20, 2008;[5] this was accepted by NATO at the summit in Bucharest on April 3, 2008.[6]) Sweden (May 9, 1994)[8] [edit] Future members Cyprus is the only European Union member that is not participating. Turkey has threatened to block an attempt from Cyprus to engage with NATO until the dispute of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is resolved.[citation needed] [edit] Former members [edit] Countries that became full NATO members on March 12, 1999 [edit] Countries that became full NATO members on March 29, 2004 [edit] Countries that became full NATO members on April 1, 2009 [edit] References - ^ North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (2009-12-03). "Partner countries". http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/51288.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-23.
- ^ Borawski, John (April 1995). "Partnership for Peace and beyond". International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-) 71 (2): 233–246. http://www.jstor.org/pss/2623432. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
- ^ a b North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (1995-04-26). "Secretary General's Council Welcoming Remarks, Visit by Maltese Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Professor Guido de Marco, Wednesday, April 26, 1995". http://www.nato.int/docu/speech/1995/s950426a.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
- ^ a b Bohlen, Celestine (1996-11-12). "New Malta Chief Focuses on Neutrality". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0DE0D6133BF931A25752C1A960958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. Retrieved 2008-04-05. "Within hours of taking office, Mr. Sant withdrew Malta's membership in Partnership for Peace, a NATO military cooperation program that is so loosely defined that its sign-up list now spans the spectrum from Russia to Switzerland. [...] Mr. Sant says none of those moves should be interpreted as anti-European or anti-American, but simply as the best way of insuring Malta's security."
- ^ a b Gambin, Karl (2008-04-03). "Malta reactivates Partnership for Peace membership". DI-VE. http://www.di-ve.com/Default.aspx?ID=72&Action=1&NewsId=50311&newscategory=35. Retrieved 2008-04-03. "The cabinet has agreed to reactivate its membership in the Partnership for Peace which was withdrawn in 1996, the government said on Thursday."
- ^ a b North Atlantic Treaty Organization (2008-04-03). "Malta re-engages in the Partnership for Peace Programme". http://www.nato.int/docu/update/2008/04-april/e0403e.html. Retrieved 2008-04-03. "At the Bucharest Summit, NATO Heads of State and Government welcomed Malta’s return to the Partnership for Peace Programme. At Malta's request, the Allies have re-activated Malta's participation in the Partnership for Peace Programme (PfP)."
- ^ North Atlantic Treaty Organization (2006-11-29). "Alliance offers partnership to Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia". http://www.nato.int/docu/update/2006/11-november/e1129e.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah North Atlantic Treaty Organization (2006-10-05). "Signatures of Partnership for Peace Framework Document". http://www.nato.int/pfp/sig-cntr.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
- ^ Associated Press (2006-12-14). "Serbia inducted into NATO". http://www.serbianna.com/news/2006/02871.shtml. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
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