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Valet parking offered at a Burger King restaurant in Mexico City, an urban area.

Valet parking is a parking service offered by some restaurants, stores, and other businesses particularly in North America. In contrast to "self-parking", where customers find parking on their own, customers' vehicles are parked for them by a person called a valet. This service either requires a fee to be paid by the customer or is offered free of charge by the establishment.

[edit] Explanation

Valet parking signboard outside a nightclub.

A valet is usually an employee of the establishment, or an employee of a third party valet service. When there is a fee it is usually either a flat amount or a fee based on how long the car is parked. It is customary in the USA to tip the valet who actually parks the car. Valet parking is most often offered (and is most useful) in urban areas, where parking is scarce, though some upscale businesses offer valet parking as an optional service even though self-parking may be readily available. For example, in wealthy suburban areas like California's Silicon Valley, some hospitals (like Stanford University Medical Center) offer valet parking for the convenience of patients and their visitors. On the other hand, where parking is not scarce, such as on the Las Vegas Strip, it is offered as a convenience to patrons. Some hospitals, like the Yale-affiliated Greenwich Hospital (Connecticut) on Connecticut's Golden Coast, have such limited space for parking that the emergency room is valet parking only (to fit as many cars in as possible; see Efficiency, below).

Some cars come with an additional key known as a valet key that starts the ignition and opens the driver's side door but prevents the valet from gaining access to valuables that are located in the trunk or the glove box.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Efficiency

An advantage of valet parking is that it is possible to pack more cars into the same space, in what is generally known as "stack parking." The valet holds all the keys and can park the cars two or more deep, as he can move cars out of the way to free a blocked-in car.

Another type of stacking is called lane stacking. This is useful for events where guests arrive at around the same time, say for a wedding reception. The point of this procedure is to keep the lane (or lanes) of incoming traffic flowing forward so that guests are spared a long wait time for valet service. This is usually accomplished by designating one or two of the valets to be "stackers", who simply "push" each car up fifty feet or so and prepare it for a quick "take-away" for a returning valet to park. The process is then repeated until all cars are parked, utilizing as much lane space as possible, meanwhile keeping the lanes moving.

An additional advantage of valet parking, aside from stacking, is that valets can park cars closer and straighter than some customers may park. This will save them space in the parking lot or garage, and prevent the inconvenience of going to different floors by cramming everything in.

An efficient valet service will implement (or at least prepare) a system to handle the expected number of cars and guests. This may include, but is not limited to, any of the following: designated greeters, stackers, and parkers, a system for marking car locations, and sometimes even a shuttle service for valets at large venues in order to expedite car return times at the end of the event.

[edit] Luxury

A raison d'être of valet parking is that it adds a touch of luxury. Many locations and events that provide valet parking provide extra touches such as bringing the car up front, having the doors opened for the guest, and perhaps cleaning and detailing of the vehicle.

[edit] Valet applications

As described above, several different types of venues offer valet parking. These include:

• Single Event: These Valets are usually hired for just the evening and have assigned roles for efficiency. Parking may be at an off site location that can handle many cars, and can range from a dirt field to a multi-story parking lot. It might also be in the streets near the pickup location. At a wedding the cars may be stacked in order, respecting the hierarchy of importance of the visitors. For instance, at a Middle Eastern oil company executive party the vehicles might be stacked in the order of the importance of the executives of the company.
• Restaurant or Bar location: In this setting, parking is usually in the establishment's own lot, but may also be a blocked-off section of a nearby parking house or multilayer lot. Often a dozen spots in front will be reserved for the big spenders or frequent visitors. When the restaurant is not busy, the nicest, most unusual or newest vehicles will be parked in front of the restaurant. This can be a sales and marketing stipulation. Restaurants trying to attract tourists may park rental vehicles or common^{[clarification needed]} vehicles in front. Expensive restaurants looking to attract less frugal customers may park expensive cars in front, including those of the restaurant employees or owners.
• Bar or crowded urban setting: Here, space is a premium, yet the cars on the street may have a huge bearing on the clientele inside.
• Hotel location: Hotels can have all types mentioned above. Lots, multi-layer lots, parking houses, hydraulic structures, parking in front, parking in back, shuttles for car owners, shuttles for valets and more. The biggest difference between hotels and other types is the cost. Hotels usually charge double or more for valet parking when compared to bars, restaurants and major events. Usually this is because of a captive market and the need for overnight parking.
• Airports: In the United Kingdom, companies such as BCP have offered valet parking at airports. The service is also offered when parking at an airport hotel.

[edit] Career/Employee turnover

Most career valet parking attendants are college age, around 18-28 years of age, and usually male. However many valet parking attendants at the most influential establishments are much older, even as old as 50. Administrative attendants at parking lots or cashier centers may drive a car from time to time. These attendants may be any age.

An estimated 85% of valet parkers in the United States have emigrated from West African nations.^{[dubious – discuss]}

Turnover is usually 2-3 months, but much longer among the older employee population. A valet attendant may be quickly dismissed by one company after an accident, but he may easily find a job with a competing company. Other frequent reasons for employment termination are:

• Driving infractions (moving violation) - surprisingly unknown to the employer until a driver's license is revoked.
• Crashes, accidents, damage to vehicles
• Habitual lateness or irresponsibility
• Drug use, alcohol or other substance abuse
• Theft
• Lack of language skills (Non English speakers in the United States for example)

[edit] Over extension of control

Valet Parking Attendants directly in front of bars or restaurants may use the limited street parking as "extra-fee" parking. For more affluent customers or those who simply desire to keep his vehicle parked "Up Front", the attendant may park these vehicles in short-term or even prohibited parking spots on the street even in violation of local laws. These customer vehicles may remain for hours or even an entire evening in a 20-minute, red zone (fire zone), or loading zone. The attendants may manipulate the city ordinance by shuffling customer vehicles after the Meter maid makes his chalking of the car tires, or by placing cones to block access to the spots, or even by using the valet's own vehicle in these spots for later use.^[1]. Handicapped Parking spots are infrequently used due to the very high fines associated.

[edit] See also

• Valet boy

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[edit] References