P2Y12 Information & P2Y12 Links at HealthHaven.com

Purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12
Identifiers
Symbols	P2RY12; ADPG-R; HORK3; P2T(AC); P2Y(AC); P2Y(ADP); P2Y(cyc); P2Y12; SP1999
External IDs	OMIM: 600515 MGI: 1918089 HomoloGene: 11260 IUPHAR: P2Y12
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled; • platelet ADP receptor activity; • receptor activity;
Cellular component	• membrane; • integral to membrane;
Biological process	• signal transduction; • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; • G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger; • hemostasis; • platelet activation;
Orthologs
NP_073625 (protein)	NP_081847 (protein)

In the field of molecular biology, the P2Y₁₂ protein is found on the surface of blood platelet cells and is an important regulator in blood clotting.^[1]

P2Y₁₂ belongs to a group of G protein-coupled purinergic receptors^[2] and is a chemoreceptor for adenosine diphosphate (ADP).^[3]^[4] The P2Y family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is involved in platelet aggregation, and is a potential target for the treatment of thromboembolisms and other clotting disorders. Two transcript variants encoding the same isoform have been identified for this gene.^[5]

[edit] Clinical significance

The drug clopidogrel (Plavix) binds to this receptor and is marketed as an antiplatelet.^[3]

^ Dorsam RT, Kunapuli SP (2004). "Central role of the P2Y12 receptor in platelet activation". J. Clin. Invest. 113 (3): 340–5. doi:10.1172/JCI200420986. PMID 14755328.
^ Murugappa S, Kunapuli SP (2006). "The role of ADP receptors in platelet function". Front. Biosci. 11: 1977–86. doi:10.2741/1939. PMID 16368572.
^ ^a ^b Hollopeter G, Jantzen HM, Vincent D, Li G, England L, Ramakrishnan V, Yang RB, Nurden P, Nurden A, Julius D, Conley PB (2001). "Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs". Nature 409 (6817): 202–7. doi:10.1038/35051599. PMID 11196645.
^ Nicholas RA (2001). "Identification of the P2Y(12) receptor: a novel member of the P2Y family of receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides". Mol. Pharmacol. 60 (3): 416–20. PMID 11502870. http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/60/3/416.
^ "Entrez Gene: P2RY12 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=64805.

"P2Y Receptors: P2Y₁₂". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2402.
MeSH purinoceptor+P2Y12

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.