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Oxandrolone (Oxandrin®) is a drug created by Searle Laboratories, now Pfizer Inc. under the trademark Anavar, and introduced into the US in 1964. Oxandrolone is a synthetic derivative of testosterone having two major advantages over anabolic steroids. First, it does not aromatize (convert to estrogen, which causes gynecomastia or male breast tissue). Second, it does not significantly influence the body's normal testosterone production (HPTA axis) at low dosages (10 mg). When dosages are high, the human body reacts by reducing the production of LH (luteinizing hormone), thinking endogenous testosterone production is too high; this in turn eliminates further stimulation of Leydig cells in the testicles, causing testicular atrophy (shrinking). The drug was prescribed to promote muscle regrowth in disorders which cause involuntary weight loss. It had also been shown to be partially successful in treating cases of osteoporosis. However, in part due to bad publicity from its abuses by bodybuilders, production of Anavar was discontinued by Searle Laboratories in 1989. It was picked up by Bio-Technology General Corporation, now Savient Pharmaceuticals who, following successful clinical trials in 1995, released it under the tradename Oxandrin. As of 2009, it is the only drug marketed by the company. It was subsequently approved for orphan drug status by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating alcoholic hepatitis, Turner syndrome, and weight loss caused by HIV. It is also indicated as an offset to protein catabolism caused by long-term administration of corticosteroids. In addition, the drug has shown positive results in treating anemia and hereditary angioedema. Because of its potential for abuse, it is categorized as a Schedule III controlled substance in the US. In a randomized, double-blind study, patients with 40% total body surface area burns were selected to receive standard burn care plus oxandrolone, or without oxandrolone. Those treated with oxandrolone showed improve body composition, preserved muscle mass and reduced hospital stay time.[1] [edit] Further reading
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