Islam (Arabic: الإسلام‎ al-’islām, pronounced [ʔislæːm]  ( listen)^{[note 1]}) is a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. The word Islam is a homograph having multiple meanings and a triliteral of the word salam, which directly translates as peace. Other meanings include submission, or the total surrender of oneself to God (Arabic: الله‎, Allāh) (see Islam (term)).^[1] An adherent of Islam is known as a Muslim, meaning "one who submits [to God]".^[2][3] The word Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islām is the infinitive. There are approximately 1.8 billion Muslims, making Islam the second-largest religion in the world, after Christianity.^[4]

Muslims believe that God revealed the Qur'an to Muhammad, God's final prophet, through the angel Gabriel, and regard the Qur'an and the Sunnah (words and deeds of Muhammad) as the fundamental sources of Islam.^[5] They do not regard Muhammad as the founder of a new religion, but as the restorer of the original monotheistic faith of Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. Islamic tradition holds that Jews and Christians distorted the revelations God gave to these prophets by either altering the text, introducing a false interpretation, or both.^[6]

Islam includes many religious practices. Adherents are generally required to observe the Five Pillars of Islam, which are five duties that unite Muslims into a community.^[7]

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Islam:

[edit] Branches of Islam

• Islam - Divisions of Islam

• Sunni

• Ahl al-Sunna wa al-Jama'ah

• Madhhab

• Hanafi
• Maliki
• Shafi'i
• Hanbali

• salafi

• Shia - Rafida

• taqiyya

• Twelvers

• Roots of Religion
• Branches of Religion

• Usooli
• Akhbari
• Shaikhi

• Bahai

• Ismaili

• Hashshashin
• Fatimid

• Mustaali

• Dawoodi Bohras

• Alevi

• Zaiddiyah

• Qarmatiyyah
• Druze
• Nizariyyah
• Musta'liyyah

• Khwarij

• Ibadi

• Sufism

[edit] Islam in the world

• Demographics of Islam
• Islam by country

• Islam in Europe

• Islam in England

• Islam in Asia

• Islam in Korea

• Islam in the Middle East

• Islam in Iran

[edit] History of Islam

Main article: History of Islam

[edit] Institutions

• Shia

• Marja

• List of Marjas

• Ayatollah

• List of Ayatollahs

[edit] Texts

• List of Islamic texts

• Quran - Sura - Ayat

• Tafsir Qudsi - tafsir
• Quranic literalism
• Naskh
• Asbab al-nuzul

• Hadith

• isnad - Ilm ar-rijal - Narrators of hadith
• Matn
• Hadith Qudsi
• Hadith collections

• Sahih Bukhari
• Nahj al-Balagha

[edit] Social

• Islamic view of marriage

• Gender roles in Islam
• Islam regarding intentions to marry
• Islamic Marriage Contract
• Nikah

• Nikah Misyar
• Nikah Halala
• Nikah urfi

• Nikah Mut'ah

• Muslim controversies related to Nikah Mut'ah
• Hadiths related to Mut'ah

• Walima
• Sexuality in Islam
• Married life in Quran and Sunnah
• Talaq (Nikah)

[edit] Jurisprudence

• Wali
• Usul al-fiqh
• Fiqh
• Sharia
• Fatwa

[edit] Theology

• Uprightness of all Sahaba
• Mahdi
• Shia Imam
• Caliph

[edit] Criticism

• Criticism of Islam
• Satanic verses

[edit] War

• Hudna
• Ma malakat aymanukum

[edit] Events

• Battle of Badr
• Battle of Mut'ah
• Battle of Uhud

• List of Islamic battles fought during Ramadan

• Conquest of Mecca
• battle of Hunayn
• The Farewell Sermon
• Ghadir Khumm
• Succession to Muhammad

[edit] Locations and buildings

• Mashad Ali
• Kaaba
• Mecca

[edit] Economy

• Hisba
• Riba
• Waqf
• Islamic banking

[edit] Militant Muslim groups

• Harakat ul-Mujahidin
• Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group
• Libyan Islamic Fighting Group
• Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan
• Hizbollah

[edit] Worship

• Wudu
• Salah
• Ghusl

• Hajj

• Umrah
• Ihram
• Mut'ah of Hajj

[edit] Islamic personalities

• Prophets of Islam

• Muhammad

• Ahl al-Bayt

• Ali - Abu Turab

• Muhammad's marriages

• Aisha

• Caliph

• Umar

• Fatimid Caliphs

• Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah

• Sahaba's ancestors

• Sahaba

• Ammar ibn Yasir

• Taba'een

• Sa'id bin Jubayr

• Taba Tabe'een

Denomination founders

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad

[edit] Islamic and Muslim scholars

• Islamic scholars

• Muslim scholars - Category:Muslim scholars

• Bukhari

• Sahih Bukhari

• Muslim b. al-Hajjaj

• Sahih Muslim

• Abu Da'ud

• Sunan Abi Da'ud

• Al-Tirmidhi

• Jami at-Tirmidhi

• Al-Nasa'i

• Sunan al-Sughra

• Ibn Maja

• Sunan Ibn Maja

• Ahmad ibn Hanbal

• Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal
• Notable Hanbali Scholars

• Abu Hanifa an-Nu'man
• Abu 'Abd Allah ash-Shafi'i
• Abdul 'Azeez ibn Abdullaah ibn Baaz
• Zakir Naik
• Malik ibn Anas
• Ibn Abed Rabboh
• Yusuf Estes
• Ahmed Deedat
• Harun Yahya
• Yusuf Estes
• Abdullah Yusuf Ali
• Marmaduke Pickthall

• Converted Muslim scholars

• Bilal Philips
• Jeffrey Lang
• Marmaduke Pickthall

• Western Muslim scholars

• Wilferd Madelung

[edit] Internet sites

Shia:

• Al-islam.org

[edit] Islam and Muslim-related lists

Main article: Index of Islamic and Muslim related articles

• List of Islamic terms in Arabic

[edit] See also

Islam portal

[edit] Notes

1. ^ There are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is pronounced [z/] or /s/, and whether the a is pronounced /ɑː/ as in father, /æ/ as in cat, or (when the stress is on the i) /ə/ as in the a of sofa (Merriam Webster). The most common are /ˈɪzləm, ˈɪsləm, ɪzˈlɑːm, ɪsˈlɑːm/ (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and /ˈɪzlɑːm, ˈɪslɑːm/ (American Heritage Dictionary).

[edit] References

1. ^ USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts
2. ^ L. Gardet; J. Jomier. "Islam". Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. 
3. ^ "Lane's lexicon" (PDF). http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume4/00000137.pdf. Retrieved 2007-07-03. 
4. ^ "Major Religions of the World — Ranked by Number of Adherents". http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html#Islam. Retrieved 2007-07-03. 
5. ^ See:
   • Esposito (1996), p.41
   • Ghamidi (2001): Sources of Islam
6. ^ See:
   • Accad (2003): According to Ibn Taymiya, although only some Muslims accept the textual veracity of the entire Bible, most Muslims will grant the veracity of most of it.
   • Esposito (1998), pp. 6, 12
   • Esposito (2002b), pp. 4–5
   • F. E. Peters (2003), p. 9
   • F. Buhl; A. T. Welch. "Muhammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. 
   • Hava Lazarus-Yafeh. "Tahrif". Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. 
7. ^ Esposito (2002b), p.17

[edit] External links

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