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**Orchard Road**
English	Orchard Road
Chinese	乌节路
(Pinyin	Wūjíe-lù)
Malay	Jalan Kebun (or Jalan Orchard)
Tamil	ஓர்ச்சர்ட் சாலை

For the Leo Sayer song, see Orchard Road (song).

Orchard Road is lit up elaborately nearer the end of every year for the Christmas festive season.

Orchard Road is a road in Singapore that is the retail and entertainment hub of the city-state. It is regularly frequented by the local population as well as being a major tourist attraction. Often the surrounding area is known simply as Orchard.

The immediate vicinity of Orchard Road, Orchard Planning Area is one of 55 urban planning areas as specified by the Urban Redevelopment Authority, and is a commercial district. It is part of the Central Region, and Singapore's central business district, the Central Area.

During the National Day Rally Speech 2005, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said that he would create more landmark buildings to create more fun in the district, partly to keep up with vibrant cities around the region.

Orchard Road recently underwent a $40 million revamp, with the addition of new street lamps, planter boxes, urban green rooms, street tiling, and flower totem poles, excluding three new malls under construction as of April 2009.

[edit] Geography

Entrance of Orchard MRT Station

Orchard Road is a one-way street. It starts at the junction with Orange Grove Road which is the location of the Orchard Hotel. It then stretches southeast across the Scotts Road/Paterson Hill junction, Orchard MRT Station, Bideford Road, Somerset MRT Station, Central Expressway, Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station, and ends at the junction with Handy Road (just before Prinsep Street), where it becomes Bras Basah Road. It has an extensive underground infrastructure, including underground pedestrian walkways between the malls running underneath the street and also other streets in the vicinity. The numbers actually begin at Handy Road and end at Orange Grove Road.

[edit] History

Orchard Road was named for the orchards that formerly lined the road

Orchard Road got its name from the nutmeg, pepper and fruit orchards that used to lie on either side of the street in the 1840s. Commercial development only began in the twentieth century, and took off in the 1970s.

Orchard Road was already cut in the 1830s, though the new road was not named in George Coleman's 1836 Map of Singapore. In the 1830s the Orchard Road area was the scene of gambier and pepper plantations. Later, nutmeg plantations and fruit orchards predominated, hence its name.

By 1846, the spread of houses had reached up to Tank Road. There were none on the left side and only three or four houses went past Tank Road on the right side of Orchard Road.

One major sight during this period was a Dr Jun tending his garden, which helped endorse the road's name. He had a garden and plantation at the corner of what is now Scotts Road and Orchard Road.

Towards the later part of the 1840s, graveyards began to appear along the road. By 1846, the Chinese had a large graveyard around what is now the Meritus Mandarin Hotel and Ngee Ann City, while the Sumatrans from Bencoolen had their burial ground where the current Grand Central Hotel stands. Later a Jewish cemetery was established; it was located where Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station is now situated, and demolished in 1984.

In the 1860s, Orchard Road had a great number of private houses and bungalows on hills looking down through the valley where the road passed through. Early in the 1890s, His Majesty Somdetch Phra Paramindr Maha Chulalongkorn, the supreme King of Siam, acquired "Hurricane House" in the vicinity of Orchard Road through Tan Kim Ching, the Thai Consul in Singapore. Two further pieces of adjoining property were added later and these subsequently became the site of the present Royal Thai Embassy at 370 Orchard Road.

In the early 20th century, it was noted that Orchard Road "present[ed] the appearance of a well-shaded avenue to English mansion[s]", comparable in its "quiet but effective beauty to Devonshire lanes." The Chinese called the area tang leng pa sat koi or "Tanglin market street". The Tamils refer to the road as vaira kimadam or "fakir's place", and muttu than (high ground), a reference to the hilly nature of the area.

[edit] Notable past and present landmarks

Orchard Road junction with Scotts Road.

Plaza Singapura is a major shopping centre in Orchard

Perhaps the most elegant building on Orchard Road is the Istana, at its southern end. Nibong palms survive near its entrance, with a plaque that reads: "As the nibong is a mangrove palm, this site must have once been a mangrove swamp." If this information is accurate, then Orchard Road was once a muddy swamp and these palms are remnants of that original habitat.

On the northern side of Orchard Road is the Botanic Gardens. Along Scotts Road is Goodwood Park Hotel, a fine example of colonial architecture and a monument. At the junction of Scotts Road and Orchard Road is TANGS, the first upmarket department store in Singapore.

About halfway down Orchard Road are Cairnhill and Emerald Hill, where the rich Chinese built their residences, now prime properties sought after by affluent professionals and expatriates. Next to Emerald Hill is Centrepoint, which houses the supermarket Cold Storage, possibly the oldest surviving business establishment in the area. Other establishments have not been so fortunate. Amber Mansions, one of the earliest apartment blocks in Singapore, built around the turn of the 20th century, was torn down in the 1980s to make way for the Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station.

Orchard Road intersection with Orchard Link.

Occupying the site of the former Pavilion Cinema, Specialists' Shopping Centre was one of the earliest redevelopment projects on Orchard Road. The shopping centre has been demolished to make way for a new development, Orchard Central. Its flagship store was John Little, which has been trading in Singapore since the mid-19th century, when it opened its first outlet in Commercial Square (now Raffles Place).

[edit] Shopping

The first shop of note on Orchard Road was TANGS founded in 1934 and established on Orchard Road in the 1950s.

Orchard Road is flanked by pedestrian malls. A retail complex under construction at the site named ION Orchard has the distinction of also being a future residential area, and is planned to be completed by end-2009.[1]

Orchard Road also contains numerous upmarket restaurants, coffee chains, cafés, nightclubs and hotels. It is also the site of the official residence of the President of Singapore, the Istana.

[edit] List of shopping malls

Ngee Ann City is the largest shopping mall along Orchard Road. Note the Traditional Chinese writing of the mall's name.

Ngee Ann City — The mall opened in 1993 and is the largest shopping mall in the Orchard Road shopping belt. It houses branded boutiques such as Vacheron Constantin, Louis Vuitton and Chanel as well as Japanese department store, Takashimaya. The mall is also home to Southeast Asia's second largest bookstore, Books Kinokuniya.
Wisma Atria — Opened in 1986, it underwent renovation recently with its trademark blue facade replaced with a glass facade. There is a 900 seat food court on the 4th floor which is run by the BreadTalk Group. The mall is directly connected to Orchard station.
DFS Galleria — This shopping mall located in Scotts Road,it mainly selling Luxury Brands such as Bottega Veneta,Louis Vuitton and Bvlgari.
Ion Orchard — Ion Orchard opened on 21 July, 2009 and houses six double-storey flagship stores of close to 9,000 square feet each, including Prada, Giorgio Armani, Louis Vuitton, Dior, Dolce & Gabbana and Cartier. Its signature glass façade doubles up as a giant media screen as well.
Plaza Singapura — Located next to the Istana, the mall opened in 1974 with a now defunct Yaohan department store. It was revamped twice, in 1998 and 2003 with the former having a totally revamped now and the latter with a new tenant mix. It houses a Golden Village cineplex, Carrefour and other shops.
Lucky Plaza — A shopping mall that somehow became the main focal point for domestic Filipino workers to meet their friends during their off days. The place is known to be very crowded on Sundays with many shops selling products from the Philippines.
Far East Plaza — Far East Plaza opened in 1982 with a Metro which has since closed down. Popular with students with its cheap fashion items, the plaza is also known for its cheap food outlets. The mall has since undergone renovation.
Wheelock Place — Houses the Borders bookstore, one of the largest bookstores in the country and it also has a large Marks and Spencer outlet. Formerly known as Lane Crawford Place which housed Lane Crawford but closed during the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis.

The Paragon is a high-end shopping mall along the Orchard Road strip.

Paragon — The Paragon is a high-end shopping mall selling branded items with a Metro department store and a Marks & Spencer store as well. The place also has a Toys 'R' Us and a number of restaurants. It underwent expansion around 2002, taking over the land once occupied by The Promenade.
The Heeren Shops — Heeren sells items mainly for youngsters and house a HMV store. The site was formerly a colonial building.
Tang Plaza — Tang Plaza is home to a homegrown department store, Tangs.
The Centrepoint — The mall opened in 1983 and has Robinsons and Marks and Spencer as its anchor tenants. It underwent renovation and built a new extension in 2007.
Forum The Shopping Mall — Forum sells mainly branded children's clothes and accessories with a Toys "R" Us on the third floor. It also has a number of branded boutiques such as Emporio Armani and Dolce and Gabbana.
Shaw House and Centre — Shaw House is home to the Isetan department store and on the fifth and sixth floors is where the Lido 8 Cineplex is located, which has one of the largest cinema halls in the country.
Mandarin Gallery — Located inside Meritus Mandarin Singapore with shops such as The Link and Esprit.
Orchard Point — Home to local department store, OG, it used to have art galleries, but was closed when OG decided to take over.
Hilton Singapore — Located inside the hotel itself, the Hilton Shopping Gallery houses branded boutiques such as Louis Vuitton, Cartier, Bulgari, Donna Karan and Dolce & Gabbana.
Palais Renaissance — Palais Renaissance was completed in 1993 and mainly houses upmarket branded boutiques such brand like Donna Karen.
Liat Towers — International names such as Audemars Piguet, Massimo Dutti and Zara are housed in the building. The building once housed Planet Hollywood and Singapore's first McDonald's. Also, it housed the Isetan department store at one time.
Scotts Shopping Centre — Scotts Shopping Centre housed Singapore's first food court and above was the Ascott Singapore. It was torn down in June 2007 to make way for a new building.
Orchard Central — Singapore's first and tallest vertical mall, which replace Specialists Shopping Centre and opens on 2 July 2009.
313@Somerset (Upcoming)
Mandarin Gallery (Upcoming)

[edit] Hotels

Holiday Inn Park View Singapore
Sheraton Towers Singapore
Goodwood Park Hotel Singapore
York Hotel Singapore
Elizabeth Hotel Singapore
Royal Plaza on Scotts Singapore
Grand Hyatt Singapore - formerly Hyatt Regency Singapore
Singapore Marriott Hotel - formerly Dynasty Hotel Singapore
Meritus Mandarin Singapore - formerly Mandarin Singapore
Park Hotel Orchard Singapore (rebranding as Grand Park Hotel Singapore) - Under Renovation
Concorde Hotel Singapore - formerly Le Meridien Singapore
Four Seasons Hotel Singapore
Pan Pacific Orchard - formerly Negara on Claymore, prior to that Meritus Negara
Hilton Singapore
The Regent Singapore, a Four Seasons Hotel - formerly Pavilion InterContinental Singapore
Orchard Parade Hotel Singapore
Orchard Hotel Singapore - managed by Millennium & Copthorne
Shangri-La Hotel Singapore
Traders Hotel Singapore
St. Regis Singapore
Quincy Hotel Singapore - managed by Far East Hotels

[edit] Former Notable Hotels

Cockpit Hotel Singapore
Melia at Scotts
Omni Marco Polo Hotel Singapore
The Ascott Singapore
Boulevard Hotel Singapore
Hotel Phoenix Singapore
Hotel Equatorial Singapore
Dynasty Hotel Singapore (currently Singapore Marriott Hotel)
Royal Crowne Plaza Singapore (currently Royal Plaza on Scotts)

[edit] Hostels

Habitat Hostels Singapore

[edit] Transport

[edit] Public transport

[edit] Mass Rapid Transit

Orchard MRT Station

There are three major MRT stations situated in the Orchard Road vicinity. They are Orchard, Somerset and Dhoby Ghaut. These three stations are important hubs for commuters, locals, students and tourists who travel to the Orchard Road shopping and business district. However, due to the construction of ION Orchard, the entrance of the Orchard entrance has been moved underground below the upcoming mall.

[edit] Buses

There are many bus services provided by SBS Transit [2] and SMRT [3] that go to Orchard Road. The major bus stops along Orchard Road are situated at:

[edit] Taxi

Visitors can also travel to Orchard Road via taxi. There are taxi stands at Forum The Shopping Mall, all hotels, Lucky Plaza, Wisma Atria, Ngee Ann City, The Paragon, The Heeren Shops, Centrepoint Shopping Centre, one next to Specialists' Shopping Centre and Plaza Singapura.

[edit] Vehicular access

Visitors accessing Orchard Road by road usually enter from the west via Napier Road, before exiting Orchard Road at Bras Basah Road. Coming from the north, vehicles can enter via Bukit Timah Road and Scotts Road which leads into Orchard Road. From the south, vehicles can enter through Orchard Boulevard and Paterson Road.

[edit] References

National Heritage Board (2002), Singapore's 100 Historic Places, Archipelago Press, ISBN 981-4068-23-3
Victor R Savage, Brenda S A Yeoh (2003), Toponymics - A Study of Singapore Street Names, Eastern Universities Press, ISBN 981-210-205-1
RedDot Publishing Inc (2005), The Official Map of Singapore, RedDot Publishing Inc.
Thulaja, Naidu Ratnala (22 May 2002), Amber Mansions, Singapore Infopedia, National Library Board, Singapore, http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_587_2005-01-25.html, retrieved 2009-07-28

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Orchard Road

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

Coordinates: 1°18′18.3″N 103°49′54.87″E / 1.305083°N 103.8319083°E / 1.305083; 103.8319083

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