November 9:
November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 52 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.
- 1282 - Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.
- 1313 - Louis the Bavarian defeats his cousin Frederick I of Austria at the Battle of Gamelsdorf.
- 1330 - Battle of Posada, Wallachian Voievode Basarab I defeats the Hungarian army in an ambush
- 1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII and Charles VIII.
- 1494 - The Family de' Medici become rulers of Florence.
- 1620 - Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower sight land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
- 1688 - The Glorious Revolution: William of Orange captures Exeter.
- 1697 - Pope Innocent XII founds the city of Cervia.
- 1729 - Spain, France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Seville.
- 1764 - Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape during the French and Indian War, is turned over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet.
- 1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls (Consulate Government).
- 1848 - Robert Blum, a German revolutionary, is executed in Vienna.
- 1851 - Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape.
- 1861 - The first documented football match in Canada is played at University College, University of Toronto.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George B. McClellan is removed.
- 1867 - Tokugawa Shogunate hands power back to the Emperor of Japan, starting the Meiji Restoration.
- 1872 - The Great Boston Fire of 1872.
- 1887 - The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
- 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
- 1906 - Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country. He did so to inspect progress on the Panama Canal.
- 1907 - The Cullinan Diamond is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday.
- 1917 - Joseph Stalin enters the provisional government of the USSR.
- 1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.
- 1921 - Albert Einstein is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.
- 1923 - In Munich, Germany, police and government troops crush the Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria. The failed coup is the work of the Nazis.
- 1932 - Riots between conservative and socialist supporters in Switzerland kill 12 and injure 60.
- 1935 - The Congress of Industrial Organizations is founded in Atlantic City, New Jersey by eight trade unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.
- 1937 - Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.
- 1938 - German diplomat Ernst vom Rath dies from the fatal gunshot wounds of political assassin Herschel Grynszpan, an act which is attributed to the beginning of Kristallnacht.
- 1938 - Kristallnacht, Nazi Germany's first large-scale physical act of anti-Jewish violence, begins.
- 1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.
- 1960 - Robert McNamara is named president of Ford Motor Co., the first non-Ford to serve in that post. A month later, he quit to join the newly-elected John F. Kennedy administration.
- 1963 - At Miike coal mine, Miike, Japan, an explosion kills 458, and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning. Also, in Japan, a three-train disaster occurs in Yokohama, kills more than 160 people.
- 1965 - Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast Blackout of 1965.
- 1965 - Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building.
- 1967 - Apollo program: NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft atop the first Saturn V rocket from Cape Kennedy, Florida.
- 1967 - First issue of Rolling Stone Magazine is published.
- 1970 - Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6 to 3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.
- 1985 - Garry Kasparov 22, of the Soviet Union becomes the youngest World Chess Champion by beating Anatoly Karpov, also of the Soviet Union.
- 1989 - Cold War: Fall of the Berlin Wall. Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to travel to West Germany. People start demolishing the Berlin Wall.
- 1990 - New democratic constitution is issued in Nepal.
- 1990 - Mary Robinson is elected Ireland's first female President and the first from the Labour Party.
- 1993 - Stari most, the "old bridge" in Bosnian Mostar built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing.
- 1994 - The chemical element Darmstadtium is discovered.
- 1998 - Brokerage houses are ordered to pay 1.03 billion USD to cheated NASDAQ investors to compensate for their price-fixing. This is the largest civil settlement in United States history.
- 1998 - Capital punishment in the United Kingdom, already abolished for murder, is completely abolished for all remaining capital offences.
- 2005 - The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
- 2005 - Suicide bombers attacked three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 60 people.
- 2008 - The three Bali bombers were executed for killing 202 people, 88 of which were Australian in the 2002 Bali bombings
[edit] Births
- 1389 - Isabella of Valois, queen consort of England (d. 1409)
- 1414 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (d. 1486)
- 1522 - Martin Chemnitz, German theologian (d. 1586)
- 1664 - Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695)
- 1721 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (d. 1770)
- 1731 - Benjamin Banneker, American scientist (d. 1806)
- 1732 - Julie de Lespinasse, French aristocrat, hostess and writer (d. 1776)
- 1799 - Gustavus, Crown Prince of Sweden (d. 1877)
- 1802 - Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (d. 1837)
- 1810 - Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (d. 1887)
- 1818 - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (d. 1883)
- 1825 - A.P. Hill, American Confederate general (d. 1865)
- 1832 - Émile Gaboriau, French writer (d. 1873)
- 1840 - Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau, French Canadian lawyer (d. 1898)
- 1841 - King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (d. 1910)
- 1853 - Stanford White, American architect (d. 1906)
- 1869 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (d. 1934)
- 1872 - Bohdan Lepky, Ukrainian writer and poet (d. 1941)
- 1873 - Otfrid Foerster, German neurologist (d. 1941)
- 1874 - Albert Francis Blakeslee, American botanist (d. 1954)
- 1877 - Enrico De Nicola, Italian politician (d. 1959)
- 1877 - Allama Iqbal, British Indian poet and politician (d. 1938)
- 1879 - Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (d. 1931)
- 1880 - Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect and designer (d. 1960)
- 1883 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (d. 1942)
- 1885 - Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian writer (d. 1922)
- 1885 - Hermann Weyl, German mathematician (d. 1955)
- 1885 - Theodor Kaluza, German scientist (d. 1954)
- 1885 - Aureliano Pertile, Italian tenor (d. 1952)
- 1886 - S. O. Davies, Welsh politician (d. 1972)
- 1886 - Ed Wynn, American actor (d. 1966)
- 1889 - Jean Monnet, French internationalist (d. 1979)
- 1890 - George Regas, Greek actor (d. 1940)
- 1895 - Mae Marsh, American actress (d. 1968)
- 1897 - Harvey Hendrick, American baseball player (d. 1941)
- 1897 - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1978)
- 1902 - Anthony Asquith, British film director (d. 1968)
- 1904 - Viktor Brack, Nazi physician (d. 1948)
- 1905 - Erika Mann, German writer (d. 1969)
- 1906 - Arthur Rudolph, German rocket engineer (d. 1996)
- 1911 - Tabish Dehlvi, Pakistani poet (d. 2004)
- 1913 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrian actress and inventor (d. 2000)
- 1915 - André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)
- 1915 - Sargent Shriver, American politician
- 1918 - Choi Hong Hi, Founder of Taekwon-Do (d. 2002)
- 1918 - Spiro Agnew, 39th Vice President of the United States (d. 1996)
- 1918 - Thomas Ferebee, Enola Gay bombardier over Hiroshima (d. 2000)
- 1920 - Byron de la Beckwith, American assassin, white supremacist (d. 2001)
- 1921 - Viktor Chukarin, Soviet gymnast (d. 1984)
- 1921 - Pierrette Alarie, Canadian soprano
- 1922 - Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)
- 1922 - Imre Lakatos, Hungarian philosopher (d. 1974)
- 1923 - Alice Coachman, American athlete
- 1923 - Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (d. 1965)
- 1924 - Robert Frank, Swiss Photographer
- 1925 - Sir Alistair Horne, British historian
- 1926 - Dominguín, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1996)
- 1928 - Anne Sexton, American poet (d. 1974)
- 1929 - Marc Favreau, French Canadian humourist (d. 2005)
- 1929 - Imre Kertész, Hungarian writer, Nobel laureate
- 1931 - Whitey Herzog, American baseball player
- 1934 - Ingvar Carlsson, Swedish politician
- 1934 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer and writer (d. 1996)
- 1935 - Bob Gibson, American baseball player
- 1936 - Daniel Robert Graham, American politician
- 1936 - Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (d. 1992)
- 1936 - Teddy Infuhr, American former child actor (d. 2007)
- 1937 - Roger McGough, English poet
- 1937 - Clyde Wells, Canadian politician
- 1938 - Ti-Grace Atkinson, American feminist author
- 1939 - Paul Cameron, American psychologist
- 1941 - Tom Fogerty, American musician (Creedence Clearwater Revival) (d. 1990)
- 1942 - Tom Weiskopf, American golfer
- 1944 - Phil May, English singer (The Pretty Things)
- 1947 - Robert David Hall, American actor
- 1948 - Michel Pagliaro, Quebec singer
- 1948 - Bille August, Danish film and television director
- 1948 - Henrik S. Järrel, Swedish politician
- 1948 - Luiz Felipe Scolari, football manager
- 1951 - Lou Ferrigno, American bodybuilder
- 1951 - Bill Mantlo, American comic book writer
- 1952 - Sherrod Brown, American politician, junior senator of Ohio
- 1953 - Gaétan Hart, Canadian boxer
- 1954 - Dennis Stratton, British musician, (Iron Maiden, Praying Mantis)
- 1954 - Sue Upton, English actress and dancer
- 1955 - Bob Nault, French Canadian politician
- 1955 - Karen Dotrice, British actress
- 1955 - Fernando Meirelles, Brazilian film director
- 1959 - Thomas Quasthoff, German singer
- 1959 - Tony Slattery, British actor
- 1959 - Nick Hamilton, American wrestling referee
- 1959 - Sito Pons, Spanish motorbike racer
- 1960 - Joëlle Ursull, a Guadeloupean singer
- 1961 - Jill Dando, British television presenter (d. 1999)
- 1963 - Fulvio Fantoni, Italian bridge player
- 1964 - Robert Duncan McNeill, American actor
- 1965 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone
- 1965 - Teryl Rothery, Canadian actress
- 1967 - Ricky Otto, English footballer
- 1968 - Nazzareno Carusi, Italian pianist
- 1969 - Allison Wolfe, American musician (Bratmobile, Cold Cold Hearts, Partyline)
- 1964 - Sandra "Pepa" Denton, American musician (Salt-N-Pepa)
- 1970 - Chris Jericho, Canadian wrestler and musician (Fozzy)
- 1970 - Susan Tedeschi, American musician
- 1970 - Guido Görtzen, Dutch volleyball player
- 1970 - Scarface, American rapper
- 1970 - Domino, American music producer
- 1971 - David Duval, American golfer
- 1971 - Melinda Kinnaman, Swedish actress
- 1971 - Big Punisher, American rapper (d. 2000)
- 1972 - Eric Dane, American actor
- 1972 - Doug Russell, American radio personality
- 1972 - Corin Tucker, American musician (Sleater-Kinney)
- 1973 - Alyson Court, Canadian actress
- 1973 - Nick Lachey, American singer
- 1973 - Gabrielle Miller, Canadian actress
- 1973 - Zisis Vryzas, Greek footballer
- 1974 - Alessandro Del Piero, Italian footballer
- 1974 - Joe C., American rapper (d. 2000)
- 1978 - Steven Lopez, American taekwondo martial artist
- 1978 - Todd Self, American baseball player
- 1978 - Sisqó, American singer (Dru Hill)
- 1979 - Adam Dunn, American baseball player
- 1979 - Caroline Flack, British television presenter
- 1979 - Martin Taylor, English footballer
- 1980 - James Harper, English footballer
- 1980 - Dominique Maltais, Quebec snowboarder
- 1980 - Vanessa Minnillo, Filipino television personality
- 1981 - Scottie Thompson, American actress
- 1984 - Delta Goodrem, Australian singer
- 1984 - Joel Zumaya, American baseball player
- 1984 - Se7en, South Korean singer
- 1988 - Nikki Blonsky, American actress
[edit] Deaths
- 959 - Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor (b. 905)
- 1187 - Emperor Gaozong of China (b. 1107)
- 1208 - Sancha of Castile, wife of Alfonso II of Aragon (b. 1155)
- 1504 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
- 1623 - William Camden, English historian (b. 1551)
- 1641 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Netherlands and Bishop of Toledo (b. 1609/1610)
- 1699 - Hortense Mancini, mistress of Charles II, King of England (b. 1646)
- 1766 - Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (b. 1692)
- 1770 - John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician (b. 1693)
- 1778 - Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian artist (b. 1720)
- 1809 - Paul Sandby, English cartographer (b. 1725)
- 1848 - Robert Blum, German politician (b. 1810)
- 1881 - Edwin Drake, Father of the oil industry, drilled the first oil well. (b. 1819)
- 1888 - Mary Jane Kelly, last known Jack the Ripper victim. (b. 1863)
- 1911 - Howard Pyle, American author (b. 1853)
- 1918 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)
- 1919 - Eduard Müller, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1848)
- 1920 - Saint Nectarios, Eastern Orthodox Metropolitan of Pentapolis (b. 1846)
- 1924 - Henry Cabot Lodge, American Senator (b. 1850)
- 1937 - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1866)
- 1938 - Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b.1889)
- 1940 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Portuguese Catholic prelate (b. 1876)
- 1940 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1869)
- 1942 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (b. 1883)
- 1944 - Frank Marshall, American chess player (b. 1877)
- 1951 - Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (b. 1887)
- 1952 - Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (b. 1874)
- 1952 - Philip Murray, 1st president of the United Steelworkers and longest-serving president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (b. 1886)
- 1953 - Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (b. 1914)
- 1953 - Abdul Aziz Al-Saud, first King of Saudi Arabia (b. 1880)
- 1957 - Peter O'Connor, Irish athlete (b. 1872)
- 1968 - Jan Johansson, Swedish jazz pianist (b. 1931)
- 1970 - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (b. 1890)
- 1971 - Maude Fealy, American actor (b. 1881)
- 1977 - Fred Haney, American baseball player (b. 1898)
- 1980 - Victor Sen Yung, American actor (b. 1915)
- 1988 - (Father) David Bauer, Canadian ice hockey player and priest (b. 1924)
- 1988 - John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General (b. 1913)
- 1991 - Yves Montand, French actor (b. 1921)
- 1997 - Helenio Herrera, French football player and coach (b. 1910)
- 1998 - Ursula Reit, German actress (b. 1914)
- 2000 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (b. 1915)
- 2001 - Niels Jannasch, Canadian historian and museum curator (b. 1924)
- 2002 - William Schutz, American psychologist (b. 1925)
- 2002 - Merlin Santana, American actor (b. 1976)
- 2003 - Art Carney, American actor (b. 1918)
- 2003 - Gordon Onslow Ford, English painter (b. 1912)
- 2003 - Binod Bihari Verma, Indian Maithili literateur (b.1937)
- 2004 - Iris Chang, Asian author (b. 1968)
- 2004 - Emlyn Hughes, English Football Player (b. 1947)
- 2005 - K. R. Narayanan, President of India (b. 1921)
- 2006 - Ed Bradley, American journalist (b. 1941)
- 2006 - Markus Wolf, East German Intelligence Director (b. 1923)
- 2006 - Ellen Willis, American journalist (b. 1941)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
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