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Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	C82.-C85.
ICD-9	200, 202
ICD-O:	9591/3
OMIM	605027
DiseasesDB	9065
MedlinePlus	000581
eMedicine	med/1363 ped/1343
MeSH	D008228

The Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a diverse group of hematologic cancers which encompass any lymphoma other than Hodgkin's Lymphoma.^[1] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma are classified according to the 1982 Working Formulation which recognizes 16 types, some being indolent while others are very aggressive cancers. The Working formulation is now considered obsolete.

Lymphoma is a type of cancer derived from lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Lymphomas are treated by combinations of chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy, radiation, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The latest lymphoma classification by the WHO (2001) lists 43 different forms of lymphoma divided in four broad groups.

Contents 1 History 2 Modern usage of term 3 See also 4 External links 5 References

[edit] History

Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL, Hodgkin's disease), described by Thomas Hodgkin in 1832, was the first form of lymphoma described and defined. Other forms were later described and there was a need to classify them. Because Hodgkin's lymphoma was much more radiation-sensitive than other forms, its diagnosis was important for oncologists and their patients. Thus, research originally focused on it. The first classification of Hodgkin's Lymphoma was proposed by Robert J. Lukes in 1963.

While consensus was rapidly reached on the classification of Hodgkin's lymphoma, there remained a large group of very different diseases requiring further classification. The Rappaport classification, proposed by Henry Rappaport in 1956 and 1966, became the first widely accepted classification of lymphomas other than Hodgkin's. Following its publication in 1982, the Working Formulation became the standard classification for this group of diseases. It introduced the term non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) and defined three grades of lymphoma.

However, NHL consists of 16 different conditions that have little in common with each other. They are grouped by their aggressiveness. Less aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas are compatible with a long survival while more aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be rapidly fatal without treatment. Without further narrowing, the label is of limited usefulness for patients or doctors.

The most recent lymphoma classifications, the 1994 Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification and the 2001 WHO classification, abandoned the HL vs. NHL grouping. Instead, 43 different forms of lymphoma are listed and discussed separately. Although Hodgkin's lymphoma is recognised as being a tumour of lymphocytes of mature B cell lineage, it is still considered separately within the WHO classification.^[2]

[edit] Modern usage of term

Nevertheless, the Working formulation and the NHL category continue to be used by many. To this day, lymphoma statistics are compiled as Hodgkin's vs Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by major cancer agencies, including the National Cancer Institute in its SEER program, the Canadian Cancer Society and the IARC.

[edit] See also

• Lymphoma, for information about all forms of NHL as well as Hodgkin's lymphoma

[edit] External links

• Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma at American Cancer Society
• Video and information booklets on non-Hodgkins lymphoma

[edit] References

v • d • e Hematological malignancy/leukemia histology (ICD-O 9590-9989, C81-C96, 200-208) Lymphoid/Lymphoproliferative, Lymphomas/Lymphoid leukemias (9590-9739, 9800-9839) B cell (lymphoma, leukemia) (most CD19, CD20) By development/ marker TdT+ ALL (Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma) CD5+ naive B cell (CLL/SLL) mantle zone (Mantle cell) CD22+ Prolymphocytic · CD11c (Hairy cell leukemia) CD79a+ germinal center/follicular B cell (Follicular, Burkitt's, GCB-DLBCL) marginal zone/marginal-zone B cell (Splenic marginal zone, MALT, Nodal marginal zone) RS (CD15+,CD30+) Classic Hodgkin's lymphoma (Nodular sclerosis) · CD20 (Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma) PCDs/PP (CD38+/CD138+) see immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders By infection KSHV (Primary effusion) · EBV (Lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder) · HIV (AIDS-related lymphoma) · Helicobacter pylori (MALT lymphoma) T/NK T cell (lymphoma, leukemia) (most CD3, CD4, CD8) By development/ marker TdT+: ALL (Precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma) prolymphocyte (Prolymphocytic) CD30+ (Anaplastic large cell, Lymphomatoid papulosis) By location/peripheral Cutaneous (Mycosis fungoides, Sézary's disease) · Hepatosplenic · Angioimmunoblastic · Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma By infection HTLV-1 (Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) NK cell/ (most CD56) Aggressive NK-cell leukemia · Blastic NK cell lymphoma T or NK EBV (Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma) · Large granular lymphocytic leukemia Lymphoid+myeloid Acute biphenotypic leukaemia Lymphocytosis Lymphoproliferative disorders (X-linked lymphoproliferative disease, Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome) · Leukemoid reaction · Pseudolymphoma lymphocyte navs: cells/physio, immunodeficiency/immunoproliferative immunoglobulin/neoplasia, proc