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Alison Newlyn london orthodontists in Surrey orthodonticlinic.co.uk |
Not to be confused with Newlyn East or Newlyn, Victoria. Coordinates: 50°06′03″N 5°33′09″W / 50.1008°N 5.5525°W
Newlyn (Cornish: Lulynn) is a town in southwest Cornwall, England. The town forms a small conurbation with neighbouring Penzance, and part of the civil parish of Penzance. The principal industry in Newlyn is fishing, and the town relies upon its harbour.
[edit] ToponymyThe settlement is recorded as Nulyn in 1279 and as Lulyn in 1290, and the name is thought to be derived from the Cornish for "pool for a fleet of boats".[1] Other origins have been proposed[by whom?] and may be these are better. [edit] GeographyBefore the rise of Newlyn as an important settlement the landing rights and most property within the Newlyn area were owned by the Manor of Alverton. Newlyn's history has been strongly linked to its role as a major fishing port. The natural protection afforded by the Gwavas Lake (an area of seawater in Mounts Bay) led to many local fishermen using this area as a preferred landing site."The Harbour". http://members.tripod.com/vingoe/Henry%20of%20St%20Just%20Line.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-27.. Newlyn harbour is first recorded in 1435 by the Bishop of Exeter; later large scale improvements to the harbour led to Newlyn becoming the predominant fishing port in Mounts Bay. [edit] More historyIn 1620 the Mayflower stopped off at Newlyn old quay to take on water.[2] A plaque on the quay reads:-
Before the 19th century "Newlyn" referred only to the area near the old quay. The part of the village which now contains the fish market was known as "Streetanowan", this was separated at high tide from "Newlyn Town" the site of the lower part of the modern harbour being reclaimed land and formerly a beach.[3] In 1755 the Lisbon earthquake caused a tsunami to strike the Cornish coast over 1,000 miles away. The sea rose ten feet in ten minutes at Newlyn, and ebbed at the same rate. The 19th century French writer, Arnold Boscowitz, claimed that "great loss of life and property occurred upon the coasts of Cornwall".[4] The Spanish Raid of 1595 destroyed Penzance, Mousehole and Paul as well as Newlyn. During the 19th century Newlyn was the scene of the Newlyn riots following protests over the landing of fish on a Sunday by fishermen from the north of England, the local Cornish fishermen being members of the Methodist church and as such strong supporters of sabbatarianism.  In 1915 the Ordnance Survey tidal observatory was established in the harbour and for the next six years measurements of tidal height were taken every 15 minutes.[5] Newlyn was the home of William Lovett a leader of the Chartist movement. In 1937 the fishing vessel Rosebud sailed to London to deliver a petition to the Minister of Health on behalf of those villagers whose homes were threatened under the government's slum clearance scheme. Before the 1890s Newlyn (like Mousehole) had strong connections with the nearby parish of Paul. It was common for villagers to climb the relatively steep route from "Newlyn Cliff" to Paul via the area which is now known as Gwavas to worship at Paul Church. Until the mid twentieth century an ancient stone cross was present on this route at "Park an Grouse" (The Field of the Cross), this cross was one site of veneration of the Cornish sea deity Bucca, (others were the beaches of Newlyn and Mousehole) the name 'Bucca' has often been used as a nickname for people resident in Newlyn: the location of the cross is now unknown. During world war two Newlyn was a base for the Air Sea Rescue craft covering the Western Approaches. The harbour was bombed during the war, hitting the colier 'Greenhithe', which was beached in the harbour at the time and supplied coal to the east coast drifters, which traveled to Newlyn during the mackerel fishing season between the wars. Reporting the event on the Germany Calling propaganda broadcast Lord Haw-Haw announced that the Luftwaffe had sunk a British cruiser in Newlyn harbour.[citation needed] [edit] Economy Newlyn's economy is largely dependent on its harbour and the associated fishing industry. Because of Newlyn's association with the creative arts there are also a number of artists and art galleries that are established in the area. [edit] Art in NewlynIt was made famous in the 1880s and 1890s for its Newlyn School artists' colony, including the painters Thomas Cooper Gotch, Albert Chevallier Tayler and Henry Scott Tuke. The current largest collection of work by the Newlyn School is held by Penlee House Gallery and Museum in nearby Penzance.
Newlyn is the home of Newlyn Art Gallery [1] which houses a collection of modern art. Between 1970 and 1983, Troika Pottery, an art pottery studio, was based in Newlyn. [edit] Local governmentFor the purposes of local government, Newlyn is part of the Penzance Civil Parish and returns 5 councillors to Penzance Town Council. The principal local authority in the area is Cornwall Council. [edit] Locations in Newlyn
[edit] Notable residents past and present
[edit] See also[edit] References
[edit] External links
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