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The Nationalist Movement Party (also translated as 'Nationalist Action Party') (Turkish: Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP), is a rightist[1][2] political party in Turkey On July 22, 2007 legislative elections, the party won 14.3% of the national vote and 71 seats in the parliament.[3] In the previous legislative elections of 3 November 2002 the party gained no seats as it had won only 8.3% of the national vote.
[edit] History
In 1965, Alparslan Türkeş gained control of the conservative-rural Republican Villagers Nation Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi, CKMP). In a 1969 congress at Adana he changed the name of the party to Nationalist Movement Party. The party embraced Turkish nationalism, imbued with a mythology that suggests all Turks share a common ancestry. Under the leadership of Alparslan Türkeş and funded by the CIA as part of its anti-communist activities, militias connected to the party were responsible for assassinating many left-leaning people during the 1970s.[4] The leader of the party's youth wing, the Grey Wolves, boasted that they had an intelligence organization superior to the state's.[5] When the Turkish army seized power on September 12, 1980 by a coup led by Kenan Evren, the party was banned along with all other active political parties at the time, and many of its leading members were imprisoned. Many prominent members joined neo-liberal Anavatan Partisi or various Islamist currents. A party member (Agâh Oktay Güner) wryly noted that the party's ideology was in power while its members were in prison. The party later was refounded in 1983 as the Conservative Party (Turkish: Muhafazakar Parti). After in 1985, the name was changed to the Nationalist Task Party (Turkish: Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi) and back to its former name in 1992.[citation needed]. In 1993, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu and other five deputies were separated from her and founded the Great Union Party, which is an ultra nationalist and Islamist one. [edit] The party under Devlet Bahçeli
 After Türkeş's death in 1997, under the leadership of Devlet Bahçeli, MHP tried to present itself as a moderate right-wing party.[citation needed] They also began to reach out to practicing Muslims. The party promised to end the ban on wearing of the hijab at government institutions (such as public universities), the opening of Qur'an schools and its mandatory teaching, and a number of other measures that would appeal to Muslims. At the 1999 general election, held after PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan's capture and at a time when nationalist sentiment was high, promising to have Öcalan hanged, they became the second leading party, with about 18% of the national vote; the highest in their history. They later formed a coalition with the Democratic Left Party (Turkish: Demokratik Sol Parti, DSP) and the Motherland Party (Turkish: Anavatan Partisi, ANAP). MHP also had a female candidate, Nesrin Ünal, who wore a headscarf and claimed that if they won the elections she would proudly enter parliament with her scarf; however, she declined to wear it when elected deputy of Antalya. The coalition government did not last long (until 2002) and an economic collapse resulted in many losing what faith they had in MHP. In the subsequent election, the conservative AKP won by a landslide and MHP failed to gain the necessary 10% to enter parliament. In the general elections of 2007, however, MHP received 14.3% of the national vote, regaining a sizable representation in parliament. Bahçeli also led an effort to cleanse the party of hoodlums.[6] [edit] Gallery
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