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The NHI NH90 is a medium sized, twin-engine, multi-role military helicopter manufactured by NHIndustries. It has been ordered by several nations, and entered service from 2007.
[edit] Design and developmentOn 1 September 1992, NH Industries signed an NH90 design-and-development contract with NAHEMA (NATO Helicopter Management Agency). This agency represented the four participating nations: France, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands. Portugal joined the agency on 21 June 2001. The design work started in 1993, with the first prototype, the PT1, making its first flight on 18 December 1995. A second prototype, the PT2, first flew on 19 March 1997 and the third prototype, the PT3, on 27 November 1998. The NH90 has been developed into two main variants: the Tactical Transport Helicopter (TTH) and the NATO Frigate Helicopter (NFH), however, many of the customer countries have requested special solutions for their NH90s. The program had some technical and funding problems in the beginning of the 1990s, but a large production order for 298 helicopters was launched on 30 June 2000 by the partner countries. This was soon followed by a series of orders from Europe and Asia/Australia. The NH90 was initially intended to be produced at only three main assembly lines; Cascina Costa in Italy for AgustaWestland, Marignane in France and Donauwörth in Germany for Eurocopter. However, the Nordic and Australian contracts stipulated production locally (the Nordic ones at Patria in Finland and the Australian ones in Brisbane). [edit] Operational historyIn 2001, three Nordic countries signed purchase orders, Sweden placed an order for 18 helicopters, Finland for 20 helicopters, and Norway for 24 helicopters. NH-90 is also a candidate for the Norwegian All Weather Search and Rescue Helicopter (NAWSARH) that is planned to replace the Westland Sea King Mk.43B of the Royal Norwegian Air Force in 2015.[1] The other candidates for the NAWSARH contract of 10–12 helicopters are AgustaWestland AW101 Merlin, Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, Eurocopter EC225 and Sikorsky S-92.[2] On 29 August 2003, Greece ordered 34 NH90s with another 14 in option. In 2005 Australia ordered 12 to replace outgoing UH-1 Iroquois. The number was revised in June 2006 when the Australian Defence Force announced plans to replace its Black Hawk and Sea King fleets[3] with an order of at least 34 additional NH90s, taking their total order to 46; four manufactured in Europe, 42 manufactured locally at Australian Aerospace (a Eurocopter subsidiary) in Brisbane.[4][5] In Australian service, the NH90 will be known as the MRH 90, whereby 'MRH' stands for Multi Role Helicopter.[6] In July 2006, the Saudi Government signed a contract to purchase 64 NH90s.[7] In July 2006, the New Zealand Government signed a contract to purchase 8 NH90s (plus 1 extra for spares) to replace their Air Force's fleet of Iroquois. The program ran into a 2 year production delay, and the first NH90s were delivered by late 2006 to the German Army. These were followed by Italian and Finnish helicopters in 2007. Later during 2007, the Italian and French navies started to receive their NFH versions and the first Swedish NH90s were also delivered. On 18 December 2007 the first two MRH 90 aircraft were delivered to the Australian Defence Force.[citation needed] Norway placed its order in 2001, but due to delays, have not received any date for the delivery of the helicopters.[8] On 20 June 2007, during the Paris Air Show 2007, Belgium signed the contract for its 10 NH90 (4 NFH, 4TTH + 2 options) and also became the 6th nation to join NAHEMA. On the same day, the German Army and the Luftwaffe placed an order for 42 additional NH90s.[citation needed] The type certification for the Finnish helicopters were finally approved by 19 February 2008.[9] The Netherlands, one of the original supporters of the program, has 20 units on order. However, to date, due to design changes the helicopter is too heavy to be used in combination with the Dutch frigates for which they were explicitly ordered, it is as of yet unclear what additional changes, at what cost need to be made to make them suitable for the Dutch primary role.[10] [edit] Versions[edit] NFH: NATO Frigate HelicopterThe primary role of the NFH version is autonomous anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface unit warfare (ASuW), mainly from naval ships. These aircraft are equipped for day and night, adverse weather and severe ship motion operations. Additional roles include anti-air warfare support, vertical replenishment (VERTREP), search & rescue (SAR) and troop transport. [edit] TTH: Tactical Transport HelicopterThe primary role of the TTH version is the transport of 20 troops or more than 2,500 kg of cargo, heliborne operations and search & rescue. It can quickly be adapted to MEDEVAC/CASEVAC missions by fitting up to 12 stretchers or cargo delivery capability Additional roles include medical evacuation (12 stretchers), special operations, electronic warfare, airborne command post, parachuting, VIP transport and flight training. The abbreviation TTT (Tactical Troop Transport) is used for Finnish and Swedish TTHs in some contexts. [edit] Operators     [edit] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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