Multivariate interpolation Information & Multivariate interpolation Links at HealthHaven.com

In numerical analysis, multivariate interpolation or spatial interpolation is interpolation on functions of more than one variable.

The function to be interpolated is known at given points $(x_i, y_i, z_i, \dots)$ and the interpolation problem consist of yielding values at arbitrary points $(x,y,z,\dots)$ .

[edit] Uniform grid

For function values known on a prescribed uniform grid, the following methods are available

Nearest-neighbor interpolation (any dimension)

[edit] 2 dimensions

Bitmap resampling is the application of 2D multivariate interpolation in image processing.

Three of the methods applied on the same dataset, from 16 values located at the black dots. The colours represent the interpolated values.

Nearest neighbor

Bilinear

Bicubic

See also Padua points, for polynomial interpolation in two variables.

[edit] 3 dimensions

[edit] Tensor product splines for N dimensions

Catmull-Rom splines can be easily generalized to any number of dimensions. The cubic Hermite spline article will remind you that $\mathrm{CINT}_x(f_{-1}, f_0, f_1, f_2) = \mathbf{b}(x) \cdot \left( f_{-1} f_0 f_1 f_2 \right)$ for some 4-vector $\mathbf{b}(x)$ which is a function of x alone, where $f j$ is the value at $j$ of the function to be interpolated. Rewrite this approximation as

$\mathrm{CR}(x) = \sum_{i=-1}^2 f_i b_i(x)$

This formula can be directly generalized to N dimensions ^[1]:

$\mathrm{CR}(x_1,\dots,x_N) = \sum_{i_1,\dots,i_N=-1}^2 f_{i_1\dots i_N} \prod_{j=1}^N b_{i_j}(x_j)$

Note that similar generalizations can be made for other types of spline interpolations, including Hermite splines. In regards to efficiency, the general formula can in fact be computed as a composition of successive $CINT$ -type operations for any type of tensor product splines, as explained in the tricubic interpolation article. However, the fact remains that if there are $n$ terms in the 1-dimensional $CR$ -like summation, then there will be $n N$ terms in the $N$ -dimensional summation.

[edit] Non-uniform grid

Schemes defined on a non-uniform grid should all work on a uniform grid, typically reducing to another known method.

[edit] Notes

^ Two hierarchies of spline interpolations. Practical algorithms for multivariate higher order splines

[edit] External links

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[0] Two hierarchies of spline interpolations. Practical algorithms for multivariate higher order splines

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