Mińsk Mazowiecki [ˈmiɲsk mazɔˈvjɛt͡ski] (
listen) (Yiddish: נאוואמינסק) is a town in central Poland with 37 138 inhabitants (XII 2005). It is situated in the Masovian Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Siedlce Voivodeship (1975-1998). It is the capital of Mińsk County.
Facts:
- high urban density (in some areas very high)
- until recently part of Warsaw Subregion
- history
- long history as a town (since 1421)
- 2 large buildings from 17th century and many others which survived Second World War (all are original)
- transport
- one of main European routes inside
- one of main European railroads inside
Mińsk origin is River Mienia. River Mienia origin is word mienić which means shine. Adjective Mazowiecki shows historical connections with Mazovia and distinct Mińsk Mazowiecki from Minsk.
[edit] Location
Mińsk Mazowiecki is located geographically in South Podlachia, historically in East Mazovia and administratively in East Masovian Voivodeship.
Precisely city lies 40 km east from Warsaw's Center.
[edit] History
- XIV - settlement (commercial function)
- 1421, May 29 - official city of Mińsk
- 1422 - first wooden church (not saved)
- 1549 - found of second city: Sendomierz
- 1629 - present church opened
- 1695 - Sendomierz joined to Mińsk
- XVIII - gradual fall of Mińsk connected with gradual fall of the Commonwealth
- 1795-1809 - in Austria
- 1809-1815 - in Duchy of Warsaw
- 1815-1916 - in Congress Poland
- 1866 - first train arrived
- 1867 - name's change (Mińsk > Novominsk)
- 1870 - Dernałowicz Family became last owners of city (to Second World War)
- 1886 - first bookstore in east Mazovia
- end of XIX - found of famous manufacture
- 1912 (or 1910) - start of Maria Grochowska's School, today this is Polska Macierz Szkolna's High School
- 1914 - old church opened after conversion
- 1915 - present hospital opened
- 1915 to 1918, November 11 - German occupation
- 1916 - name's change (Novominsk > Mińsk Mazowiecki)
- 1920 - episode of Polish-Soviet War
- 1920-1939 - great development
- 1937 - first electric train arrived
- 1939-1944 - second German occupation
- 1944, July 30-31 - soviet invasion
- 1945, march 2-3 - Soviet killed Mińsk's elite (with Mayor Hipolit Konopka)
- 1952 - trains manufacture
- 1957 - military garrison
- 1979 - new train station
- 1985 - Solidarity events
- 1990 - first Mayor elected in free elections (since elections before Second World War): Zbigniew Grzesiak
- 1999 - Mińsk County established
[edit] Jewish
Until 1768 it was illegal for Jewish people to settle in Mińsk.[citation needed] But from 19th century to 1930s it was very popular. So, there were thousands of Jews before Second World War. They had a general synagogue and some smaller temples.
Early after war begun Germans created Mińsk Ghetto. It was closed in 1942, July 21. Most of Jews were killed in Treblinka extermination camp (thousands of people). Rest were killed in Mińsk in 1943, January 10 (500 people) and June 5 (last 150 Jews).
Polish Home Army managed to kill 2 German officers after this.
[edit] Monuments
- layout of medieval settlement and later city
- Palace of Doria Dernałowicz Family - built probably in XVII centrury (in place of XVI century residence), converted to classicism
- Church of Born of Saint Mary - built in XVII century, converted to neo-baroque in early XX century
- county hall (former), XIX, classicism
- county hall, XIX
- post office, XIX, empire
- church of Mariavite Church, 1911
- residential areas, XIX and early XX
- Jewish cemetery
- some school buildings (early XX)
[edit] Economy
Stylowa (stylish) Hotel and Restaurant
Trade:
Service:
- 10 banks
- fast-foods, pubs and restaurants
- 3 hotels
- construction indystry
- car service
- satellite communication
Industry:
- ZNTK "Mińsk Mazowiecki" (trains)
- Fabryka Urządzeń Dźwigowych - Manufacture of Cranes (other heavy machines)
- cotton products
- yachts
- shoes
- foil
[edit] Population
| Age / Gender | amount | amount |
| 0-18 men | 3978 | |
| 0-18 women | 3640 | |
| 0-18 | | 7618 |
| Men 18-65 yo | 12283 | |
| Women 18-60 yo | 12496 | |
| Work-age people | | 24779 |
| Retire-age men | 1572 | |
| Retire-age women | 3560 | |
| Retire-age | | 5132 |
| All | | 37529 |
| Time | Amount | Time | Amount |
| XVI, second half | 3,5-4 t. | 1660 | 1 t. |
| 1777 | 456 | 1827 | 750 |
| 1880 | 2940 | early XX | 4771 |
| 1910 | 5794 | 1921 | 10689 |
| 1939 | 15103 | 1945 | 10500 |
| 1971 | 24700 | 1992 | 34 t. |
| 1995 | 35068 | 2000 | 35761 |
| 2006 | 37529 | | |
[edit] Education
- Józef Majka College of Social Science (catholic)
- Stanisław Staszic Lifelong Learning Center
- University of Third Age
- Polska Macierz Szkolna Gymnasium and High School
- Salesian Elementary, Gymnasium and High School (catholic)
- Kazimierz Wielki Professional High School
- Powstańcy Warszawy Professional High School
- High School of Economy
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie High School
- 3 public gymnasiums
- 4 public elementary schools
- over 10 preschools (6 public)
- special school (for kids with problems)
- clinic of psychological and pedagogical help
[edit] Bureaus
- regional bureau of Environmental Protection Inspection
- point of conscription
- above forester bureau (Nadleśnictwo Mińsk)
- county, city and commune bureaus
[edit] Safety
- Police Departament of Mińsk County - 2 building in Mińsk, dozens of cars (including special version of Opel Vectra)
- Fire Departament of Mińsk County - quite new fire engines (well equipped after big fire in industry area a few years ago)
- Public Hospital of Mińsk County
[edit] Culture and sport
Culture:
- House of Culture
- School of Art
- 2 libraries
- 2 museums
- cinema
- magazines (2 public and 3 commercial are published in Mińsk)
Sport:
- Miejski Ośrodek Sportu i Rekreacji (public sport and recreation departament)
- 2 stadiums
- ice rink
- other
- Mazovia-ZNTK
- football team in local amateur league
- other sports
- other clubs
[edit] Religions
[edit] Public transport
- Train station
- regular service (39 trains in one way daily) to Warsaw
- direct connections with many cities in Poland, and with Moscow
- 2 regular bus services to Warsaw
- European route E30
Overall: 13,12 km sq.
- residential: 30%
- industrial: 6%
- communication (roads, railroads etc.): 15%
- agricultural: 29%
- park: 5%
- other: 15%
[edit] Historical parts of city
Cities:
- Mińsk - old town
- Sendomierz (found 1549, joined 1695)
Estates built as part of Mińsk:
- Nowe Miasto - Miasto Ogród - New Town - Garden Town (found 1936)
- concrete estates built in socialist realism (about 1945-1990) without names
- modern estates without names
Villages:
- over railroad part of city (all existed in 1839 and earlier)
- Kędzierak (joined partly in 1954 and fully in 1984)
- Stankowizna (joined in XIX or XX century)
- Anielina (joined in similar time as Kędzierak)
- other
- Górki (joined in XVIII century)
- Goździk (joined during First War War)
- Kolonia Stasinów (joined in 1936)
- Pohulanka (joined partly in 1936)
- Sewerynów (joined in similar time as Kędzierak)
[edit] Military
- military police
- airport with MIG-29 aircraft
[edit] Sister City
[edit] Twin cities
[edit] People
[edit] Sources
- 585 lat Mińska Mazowieckiego, red. Janusz Kuligowski, Mińsk Mazowiecki, 2006, ISBN 8390693674
Coordinates: 52°11′N 21°34′E / 52.183°N 21.567°E / 52.183; 21.567
